بررسی کروناویروس گاوی در گوساله‌های هندی: بروز، شواهد مولکولی و نقش پاتولوژیک در کمپلکس بیماری تنفسی گاو (BRDC)

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

چکیده

پیشینه: کروناویروس گاوی (BCoV) و پاتوژن‌های باکتریایی در کمپلکس بیماری تنفسی گاو (BRDC) در گوساله‌های جوان مشارکت دارند. با این حال، نقش BCoV در بروز BRDC و آسیب شناسی تنفسی مختص به مکان، در هند هنوز به خوبی بررسی نشده است. هدف: این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی شیوع BCoV در موارد BRDC انجام شد. روش کار: ما 406 گوساله از شیر گرفته شده (166 راس گاو، 240 گاومیش) کمتر از یک سال، با دیسترس تنفسی و ضایعات ریوی را بررسی کردیم. نتایج: موارد BRDC 98/0% بروز BCoV را نشان دادند که با تکثیر قسمتی از ژن N (172 جفت باز) از طریق RT-PCR و ایمونوهیستوشیمی تایید شد. از نظر ظاهری، 4 مورد BCoV مثبت، درجات متغیری از سفت شدن لوب‌های قدامی-شکمی و لوب‌های خلفی-پشتی کلاپس نشده، همراه با احتقان و آمفیزم را نشان دادند. از نظر میکروسکوپی، محل‌های ملتهب مقاطع بافتی ریه، تغییرات بارز پنومونی بینابینی را نشان داد که با نفوذ متوسط لنفوسیت‌ها و افزایش تعداد فیبروبلاست‌ها در سپتوم بین آلوئولار و استرومای مشخص گردید. مواردی که همزمان به پاستورلا مولتوسیدا آلوده بودند، لوب‌های قدامی-شکمی برونکوپنومونی چرکی همراه با اگزودای نوتروفیل را نشان دادند. ضایعات فوق با حضور آنتی ژن BCoV در سلول‌های اپیتلیال و در بقایای لومن آلوئول‌ها و نایژک‌ها/نایژه‌ها به خوبی لوکالیزه شدند. مقایسه توالی آمپلیکون 172 جفت باز با ژن BCoV N ارتباط نزدیکی را نشان داد. نتیجه‌گیری: مطالعه حاضر، BCoV را به عنوان یکی از اجزای BRDC در هند نشان داد که باید در تشخیص شیوع BRDC مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


Ames, TR (1997). Dairy calf pneumonia: the disease and its impact. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract., 13: 379-391. doi: 10.1016/S0749-0720(15)30303-0.
Baptista, AL; Rezende, AL; de Almeida, FP; Massi, RP; Nogueira, GM; Magalhães, LQ; Headley, SA; Menezes, GL; Alfieri, AA and Saut, JPE (2017). Bovine respiratory disease complex associated mortality and morbidity rates in feedlot cattle from southeastern Brazil. J. Infect. Dev. Ctries., 11: 791-799. doi: 10.3855/jidc.9296.
Bednarek, D; Szymańska-Czerwińska, M and Dudek, K (2012). Bovine respiratory syndrome (BRD) etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and control. In: Perez-Marin, CC (Ed.), A bird’s-eye view of veterinary medicine. (2nd Edn.), Rijeka, Croatia, InTech. PP: 363-378. doi: 10.5772/33465.
Boileau, MJ and Kapil, S (2010). Bovine coronavirus associated syndromes. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract., 26: 123-146. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2009.10.003.
Cho, KO; Hasoksuz, M; Nielsen, PR; Chang, KO; Lathrop, S and Saif, LJ (2001a). Cross-protection studies between respiratory and calf diarrhea and winter dysentery coronavirus strains in calves and RT-PCR and nested PCR for their detection. Arch. Virol., 146: 2401-2419. doi: 10.1007/s007050170011.
Cho, KO; Hoet, AE; Loerch, SC; Wittum, TE and Saif, LJ (2001b). Evaluation of concurrent shedding of bovine coronavirus via the respiratory tract and enteric route in feedlot cattle. Am. J. Vet. Res., 62: 1436-1442. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1436.
Choudhary, M; Choudhary, BK; Ghosh, RC; Bhoyar, S; Chaudhari, S and Barbuddhe, SB (2019). Cultivable microbiota and pulmonary lesions in polymicrobial bovine pneumonia. Microb. Pathog., 134: 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j. micpath.2019.103577.
Clark, MA (1993). Bovine coronavirus. Braz. Vet. J., 149: 51-70. doi: 10.1016/S0007-1935(05)80210-6.
Dash, SK; Kumar, K; Goel, A and Bhatia, AK (2012). Detection of coronavirus antigen by ELISA from diarrhoeic cow calves in Mathura, India. Vet. World. 5: 166-168. doi: 10.5455/vetworld.2012.166-168.
Decaro, N; Mari, V; Desario, C; Campolo, M; Elia, G; Martella, V; Greco, G; Cirone, F; Colaianni, ML; Cordioli, P and Buonavoglia, C (2008). Severe outbreak of bovine coronavirus infection in dairy cattle during the warmer season. Vet. Microbiol., 126: 30-39. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.06.024.
Ellis, J (2019). What is the evidence that bovine coronavirus is a biologically significant respiratory pathogen in cattle? Can. Vet. J., 60: 147-152.
Fehr, AR and Perlman, S (2015). Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis. Methods Mol. Biol., 1282: 1-23. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1.
Fehrenbach, H (2001). Alveolar epithelial type II cell: defender of the alveolus revisited. Respir. Res., 2: 33-46.
Franzo, G; Drigo, M; Legnardi, M; Grassi, L; Pasotto, D; Menandro, ML; Cecchinato, M and Tucciarone, CM (2020). Bovine coronavirus: variability, evolution, and dispersal patterns of a no longer neglected betacoronavirus. Viruses. 12: 1-17. doi: 10.3390/v12111285.
Gagea, MI; Bateman, KG; van Dreumel, T; McEwen, BJ; Carman, S; Archambault, M; Shanahan, RA and Caswell, JL (2006). Diseases and pathogens associated with mortality in Ontario beef feedlots. J. Vet. Diagn. Inves., 18: 18-28. doi: 10.1177/104063870601800104.
Goswami, P; Banga, HS; Deshmukh, S; Mahajan, V; Singh, ND and Brar, RS (2015). Pathological investigation of bovine lungs in naturally acquired Pasteurella multocida infection by immunohistological technique. Indian J. Vet. Pathol., 39: 304-310.
Griffin, D (2010). Bovine pasteurellosis and other bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. Vet. Clin. Food Anim., 26: 57-71. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2009.10.010.
Hansa, A; Rai, RB; Dhama, K and Wani, MY (2012). ELISA and RT-PCR based detection of bovine coronavirus in Northern India. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 7: 1120-1129.
Hasoksuz, M; Hoet, AE; Loerch, SC; Wittum, TE; Nielsen, PR and Saif, LJ (2002). Detection of respiratory and enteric shedding of bovine coronaviruses in cattle in an Ohio feedlot. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 14: 308-313. doi: 10.1177/104063870201400406.
Hick, PM; Read, AJ; Lugton, I; Busfield, F; Dawood, KE; Gabor, L; Hornitzky, M and Kirkland, PD (2012). Coronavirus infection in intensively managed cattle with respiratory disease. Aust. Vet. J., 90: 381-386. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00978.x.
Hodnik, JJ; Jezek, J and Staric, J (2020). Coronaviruses in cattle. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 52: 2809-2816. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-020-02354-y.
Kalkanov, I; Dinev, I and Zarkov, I (2019). Etiological and pathomorphological investigations in calves with coronaviral pneumoenteritis. Maced. Vet. Rev., 42: 43-49. https://doi.org/10.2478/macvetrev-2018-0028.
Kamdi, B; Singh, R; Singh, V; Singh, S; Kumar, P; Singh, KP; George, N and Dhama, K (2020). Immuno-fluorescence and molecular diagnosis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine parainfluenza virus in the naturally infected young cattle and buffaloes from India. Microb. Pathog., 145: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. micpath.2020.104165.
Kapil, S; Pomeroy, KA; Goyal, SM and Trent, AM (1991). Experimental infection with a virulent pneumoenteric isolate of bovine coronavirus. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 3: 88-89. doi: 10.1177/104063879100300123.
Lojkic, I; Kresic, N; Simic, I and Bedekovic, T (2015). Detection and molecular characterization of bovine corona and toroviruses from Croatian cattle. BMC Vet. Res., 11: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-015-0511-9.
Luna, LG (1972). Histological staining methods of the armed forces institute of pathology. 3rd Edn., New York, McGraw Hill Book Co., PP: 12-159.
Mebus, CA (1973). Neonatal calf diarrhea: propagation, attenuation, and characteristics of a coronavirus-like agent. Am. J. Vet. Res., 34: 145-150.
Mebus, CA; Newman, LE and Stairjr, EL (1975). Scanning electron, light, and immunofluorescent microscopy of intestine of gnotobiotic calf infected with calf diarrheal coronavirus. Am. J. Vet. Res., 36: 1719-1725.
Murray, GM; More, SJ; Sammin, D; Casey, MJ; McElroy, MC; O’Neill, RG; Byrne, WJ; Earley, B; Clegg, TA; Ball, H and Bell, CJ (2017). Pathogens, patterns of pneumonia, and epidemiologic risk factors associated with respiratory disease in recently weaned cattle in Ireland. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 29: 20-34. doi: 10.1177/ 1040638716674757.
Park, SJ; Kim, GY; Choy, HE; Hong, YJ; Saif, LJ; Jeong, JH; Park, SI; Kim, HH; Kim, SK; Shin, SS and Kang, MI (2007). Dual enteric and respiratory tropisms of winter dysentery bovine coronavirus in calves. Arch. Virol., 152: 1885-1900. doi: 10.1007/s00705-007-1005-2.
Radostits, OM; Gay, CC; Hinchcliff, KW and Constable, PD (2007). Veterinary medicine. 10th Edn., London, W. B. Saunders Company Ltd., PP: 1286-1287.
Rai, RB; Hansha, A; Rai, S; Singh, B; Kumar, H; Singh, AK; Damodaran, T and Dhama, K (2011). Prevalence of rota and coronavirus infections in calves of Barabanki and Raebareli districts of Uttar Pradesh. Indian J. Vet. Pathol., 35: 73-74.
Saif, LJ (2010). Bovine respiratory coronavirus. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract., 26: 349-364. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2010.04.005.
Singh, S; Singh, R; Singh, KP; Singh, V; Malik, YPS; Kamdi, B; Singh, R and Kashyap, G (2019). Prevalence of bovine coronavirus infection in organized dairy farms of central and north regions, India. Biol. Rhythm Res., 50: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2019.1629093.
Singh, S; Singh, R; Singh, KP; Singh, V; Malik, YPS; Kamdi, B; Singh, R and Kashyap, G (2020). Immunohistochemical and molecular detection of natural
cases of bovine rotavirus and coronavirus infection causing enteritis in dairy calves. Microb. Pathog., 138: 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103814.
Storz, J; Lin, X; Purdy, CW; Chouljenko, VN; Kousoulas, KG; Enright, FM; Gilmore, WC; Briggs, RE and Loan, RW (2000). Coronavirus and Pasteurella infections in bovine shipping fever pneumonia and Evans’ criteria for causation. J. Clin. Microbiol., 38: 3291-3298. doi: 10.1128/JCM.38.9.3291-3298.2000.
Suresh, T; Rai, RB; Dhama, K; Bhatt, P; Sawant, PM and Sharma, AK (2012). Prevalence of rotavirus, coronavirus and Escherichia coli: the main agents responsible for calf diarrhoea. Vet. Pract., 13: 160-165.
Tamura, K; Stecher, G; Peterson, D; Filipski, A and Kumar, S (2013). MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol. Biol. Evol., 30: 2725-2729.
Traven, M; Naslund, K; Linde, N; Linde, B; Silvan, A; Fossum, C; Hedlund, KO and Larsson, B (2001). Experimental reproduction of winter dysentery in lactating cows using BCV-comparison with BCV infection in milk-fed calves. Vet. Microbiol., 81: 127-151. doi: 10.1016/ s0378-1135(01)00337-6.
Vlasova, AN and Saif, LJ (2021). Bovine coronavirus and the associated diseases. Front. Vet. Sci., 8: 1-14. doi: 10.3389/ fvets.2021.643220.