تشخیص مولکولی بروسلا آبورتوس و بروسلا ملی‌تنسیس در نشخوارکنندگان اهلی و کنه‌های آن‌ها در مناطق منتخب غرب ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله کوتاه

نویسندگان

چکیده

پیشینه: بروسلوز یکی از مهم‌ترین بیماری‌های مشترک بین انسان و دام است که توسط باکتری‌های گرم منفی متعلق به جنس بروسلا ایجاد می‌شود. شناسایی گونه‌های بروسلا در کشورهای مختلف از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. هدف: این مطالعه با هدف شناسایی بروسلا آبورتوس و بروسلا ملی‌تنسیس در نمونه‌های خون نشخوارکنندگان اهلی و کنه آن‌ها در غرب ایران انجام شد. روش کار: نمونه‌برداری بر روی نشخوارکنندگان از مرداد 1399 تا شهریور 1399 از چهار شهرستان مختلف استان کردستان شامل دیواندره، مریوان، بانه و سنندج انجام شد. در مجموع، 250 نمونه خون از 50 نشخوارکننده جمع ‌آوری شد. روی پوست شش نشخوارکننده (4/2%) هیچ کنه وجود نداشت و از 244 حیوان، 244 کنه جدا شد. پس از استخراج DNA ژنومی از تمام نمونه‌های جمع آوری شده، واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمراز کمی (qPCR) برای شناسایی ژن IS711 انجام شد. نتایج: نتایج qPCR نشان داد که جنس بروسلا در دو نمونه خون (8/0%) از گوسفند ماده و چهار کنه (6/1%) از گوسفند نر، شامل سه درماسنتور مارجیناتوس (22/1%) و یک ریپی سفالوس تورانیکوس (4/0%) شناسایی شد. اگرچه بروسلا ملی‌تنسیس در هیچ کنه یا نمونه خونی مشاهده نشد، یک نمونه کنه (درماسنتور مارجیناتوس) برای بروسلا آبورتوس مثبت بود. نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به مثبت بودن کنه‌ها از نظر بروسلوز، احتمال انتقال بروسلا از کنه‌های آلوده به انسان و حیوان از طریق گزش وجود دارد؛ ولی جهت شناسایی ارتباط انتقال بیماری بین کنه و حیوان پیشنهاد می‌شود از آزمون‌های سرولوژی در مطالعات آینده استفاده شود.

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