فاکتورهای حدت، سروگروه‌ها و مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی اشریشیا کلی تولید کننده شیگا-توکسین از گوشت خام گاو، گوشت مرغ و سبزیجات در جنوب غربی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

چکیده

پیشینه: اشریشیا کلی تولیدکننده شیگا-توکسین (STEC) یکی از مهمترین پاتوژن‌های منتقله از غذا است که منجر به بیماری‌های انسانی با علائم شدید می‌شود. اگرچه سروگروه O157 به طور عمده از نمونه‌های انسانی جدا شده است، میزان شیوع فزاینده سروگروه‌های غیر O157 در سال‌های اخیر توجه ویژه‌ای را به خود جلب کرده است. هدف: ارزیابی اپیدمیولوژی و شناسایی ویژگی‌های مختلف ایزوله‌های STEC در نمونه‌های گوشت خام گاو، گوشت مرغ و سبزیجات در شیراز، جنوب غرب ایران انجام شد. روش کار: دویست نمونه گوشت گاو و گوشت مرغ از بخش‌های مختلف لاشه و چهارصد نمونه سبزیجات (هویج، کاهو، خیار، و سبزی خوردن) به طور تصادفی گرفته شدند؛ STEC جدا شدند و با استفاده از روش‌های استاندارد میکروبیولوژی تایید شدند. تست حساسیت آنتی بیوتیکی (AST) با استفاده از روش دیسک دیفیوژن کربی-بائر انجام شد. واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمراز (PCR) برای شناسایی سروگروه‌های O، ژن‌های حدت و مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی استفاده شد. نتایج: 52% از نمونه‌های گاو، 8% از نمونه‌های مرغ و 2/7% از سبزیجات STEC-مثبت بودند. علاوه بر این، بیشترین فراوانی فاکتورهای حدت متعلق به حضور همزمان stx1 و stx2 بود. سروگروه O157 تنها در ایزوله‌های گاو (8/3%) و کاهو (6/16%) شناسایی شد، در حالی که میزان سروگروه‌های غیر O157 نسبتا بالا بود (تا 2/44%). بیشترین میزان مقاومت در ایزوله‌های STEC نمونه‌های مختلف مربوط به نالیدیکسیک اسید (5/62%)، تتراسایکلین (7/55%)، و آمپی سیلین (48%) بود. نتیجه‌گیری: به دلیل شیوع نسبتا بالای سروگروه‌های غیر O157 در مطالعه ما، توجه بیشتر به این سروگروه‌های STEC در مطالعات آینده توصیه می‌شود. علاوه بر این، سطح بالای مقاومت در برابر برخی آنتی بیوتیک‌ها که در این مطالعه مشاهده شده است، باید مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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