بیوتایپینگ و انتروتوکسین‌زایی استافیلوکوک‌های کواگولاز مثبت و کواگولاز منفی جدا شده از گوشت‌های خام مختلف

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

چکیده

پیشینه: انتروتوکسین‌های استافیلوکوکی (SEs) در مواد غذایی تحت شرایط مطلوب تولید شده و یک تهدید بیولوژیکی بالقوه محسوب می‌شوند. هدف: این مطالعه به منظور شناسایی ژن‌های انتروتوکسیژنیک A و B در استافیلوکوک‌های کواگولاز مثبت (CPS) و منفی (CNS) برای ارزیابی بیوتایپ‌ها و مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی استافیلوکوکوس ارئوس جدا شده از نمونه‌های مختلف گوشت انجام شد. روش کار: در مجموع 160 نمونه سواب از لاشه گوسفند، گاومیش آبی، گاو و مرغ جمع آوری شد. کلنی‌های مشکوک رشد یافته بر روی برد پارکر آگار تحت آزمایش‌های بیوشیمیایی قرار گرفتند، که شامل رنگ آمیزی گرم، کاتالاز، اکسیداز و فعالیت کواگولاز بود. سپس کلنی‌های مربوطه به طور جداگانه تحت سنجش واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلیمراز (PCR) برای شناسایی جنس استافیلوکوکوس، ژن‌های انتروتوکسیژنیک (sea و seb) و ژن ترمونوکلئاز (nuc) اختصاصی  استافیلوکوکوس ارئوس قرار گرفتند. تست حساسیت به آنتی بیوتیک نیز با استفاده از پنج آنتی بیوتیک انجام شد. نتایج: در کل 150 گونه استافیلوکوکوس از نمونه‌ها جدا شد که از بین آن‌ها 135 (90%) جدایه حاوی ژن sea بودند، در حالی که هیچ کدام از جدایه‌ها حاوی ژن seb نبودند. بیست و پنج استافیلوکوکوس ارئوس توسط PCR تایید گردید، که از این تعداد 15 جدایه (60%) متعلق به میزبان اختصاصی (HS)، 7 جدایه (28%) متعلق به بیوتایپ‌های میزبان غیر اختصاصی (NHS) و 3 جدایه (12%) غیر قابل تایپ بودند. به طور کلی 68%، 56%، 16%، 12% و 8% جدایه‌ها به ترتیب در برابر پنی سیلین، تری متیوپریم، جنتامایسین، اگزاسیلین، و اریترومایسین مقاوم بودند. نتیجه‌گیری: گوشت‌های تهیه شده در این منطقه به استافیلوکوک‌های انتروتوکسیژنیک و مقاوم به آنتی بیوتیک آلوده هستند که می‌توانند سلامتی مصرف کنندگان را تهدید کنند. این مطالعه نه تنها نشان داد که نه تنها جدایه‌های CPS حاوی ژن انتروتوکسین A هستند، جدایه‌های CNS نیز دارای این ژن، به ویژه در گوشت گاومیش، هستند و از اینرو در گوشت‌های مختلف خطر بالقوه محسوب می‌شوند.

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