ارزیابی برون تنی تاثیر آفلاتوکسین B1 بر تولید گاز و فراسنجه‌های تخمیر شکمبه

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

چکیده

پیشینه: آفلاتوکسین‌ها متابولیت‌های ثانویه قارچی هستند که تاثیر منفی بر عملکرد نشخوارکنندگان دارند، با این حال، اطلاعات کمی در مورد اثرات آن‌ها بر تخمیر شکمبه در دسترس است. هدف: هدف مطالعه حاضر تعیین اثرات غلظت‌های مختلف آفلاتوکسین B1 (AFB1) از آسپرژیلوس فلاووس روی تولید گاز در شرایط برون تنی و فراسنجه‌های تخمیر شکمبه‌ با استفاده از دو مطالعه تجربی (Exp.) می‌باشد. روش کار: در 1 Exp.، دو محدوده غلظتی (صفر، 5/0، 1 و 5/1 میکروگرم در میلی‌لیتر از نمونه شکمبه‌ به عنوان محدوده غلظت کم؛ و صفر، 5 و 10 میکروگرم در میلی‌لیتر، به عنوان محدوده غلظت زیاد) جهت بررسی اثرات AFB1 بر کینتیک گاز تولیدی با انکوباسیون‌های 96 ساعته استفاده شد. در 2 Exp.، تنها محدوده غلظت زیاد جهت بررسی اثرات AFB1 بر پارامترهای تخمیر شکمبه‌ای با انکوباسیون‌های 24 ساعته استفاده شد. نتایج: در محدوده غلظت کم، با دوز AFB1، نیمه عمر تولید گاز حداکثری (T1/2) افزایش و نرخ تولید گاز (µ) به طور خطی کاهش یافت (P<0.05). با این حال، در محدوده غلظت زیاد، با افزایش غلظت AFB1، حداکثر گاز تولیدی (A) و مؤلفه T1/2 کاهش یافت و زمان تاخیر (L) و مؤلفه µ به طور خطی افزایش یافتند (P<0.001). در 2 Exp.، با افزایش غلظت AFB1، تجزیه پذیری ماده خشک (DM) و آلی (OM)، توده میکروبی (MB) و غلظت تام اسیدهای چرب فرار (TVFA) کاهش، اما pH و غلظت آمونیاک افزایش یافتند (P<0.01). الگوی اسیدهای چرب فرار (VFAs) شکمبه نیز توسط AFB1 تغییر کرد، به طوری که نسبت پروپیونات به موازات کاهش استات، افزایش پیدا کرد. نتیجه‌گیری: آفلاتوکسین B1 در محدوده غلظت‌های زیاد (5 و10 میکروگرم در میلی لیتر) اثرات مهاری بر فراسنجه‌های تخمیر شکمبه در شرایط برون تنی داشت.

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