Abdel-Fattah, FA and Fararh, KM (2009). Effect of dietary supplementation of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic on performance, carcass characteristics, blood picture and some biochemical parameters in broiler chickens. B.V.M.J., 20: 9-23.
Abu-Tarboush, HM; Al-Saiady, MY and El-Din, AHK (1996). Evaluation of diet containing lactobacilli on performance, fecal coliform, and lactobacilli of young dairy calves. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 57: 39-49.
Al-Saiady, MY (2010). Effect of probiotic bacteria on immunoglobulin G concentration and other blood components of newborn calves. J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 9: 604-609.
AOAC (1995). Official Methods of Analysis. 16th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington, D.C.
Bakhshi, N; Ghorbani, GR; Rahmani, HR and Sarnie, A (2010). Effect of probiotic and milk feeding frequency on performance of dairy Holstein calves. Int. J. Dairy Sci., 1: 113-119.
Chaudhary, LC; Sahoo, A; Agrawal, N; Kamra, DN and Pathak, NN (2008). Effect of direct fed microbials on nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, immune and growth response in crossbred cattle calves. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 78: 515-521.
Di Francia, A; Masucci, F; De Rosa, G; Varricchio, ML and Proto, V (2008). Effects of Aspergillus oryzae extract and a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on intake, body weight gain and digestibility in buffalo calves. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 140: 67-77.
El-Ashry, MA; Fayed, AM; Youssef, KM; Salem, FA and Hend, AA (2003). Effect of feeding flavomycin or yeast as feed supplement on lamb performance in Sinai. Egypt J. Nutr. Feed. 6: 1009-1022.
Frizzo, LS; Soto, LP; Zbrun, MV; Bertozzi, E; Sequeira, G; Armesto, RR and Rosmini, MR (2010). Lactic acid bacteria to improve growth performance in young calves fed milk replacer and spray-dried whey powder. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 157: 159-167.
Gaggìa, F; Mattarelli, P and Biavati, B (2010). Probiotics and prebiotics in animal feeding for safe food production. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 141: 15-28.
Ghosh, S and Mehla, RK (2012). Influence of dietary supplementation of prebiotics (mannan oligosaccharide) on the performance of crossbred calves. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 44: 617-622.
Gupta, P; Porwal, KSSM and Joshi, M (2015). Biological performance of female calves fed diets supplemented with different strains of lactobacilli. Int. J. Sci. Environ. Technol., 4: 1181-1187.
Heinrichs, AJ; Heinrichs, BS and Jones, CM (2013). Fecal and saliva IgA secretion when feeding a concentrated mannan oligosaccharide to neonatal dairy calves. P.A.S., 29: 457-462.
Heinrichs, AJ; Jones, CM and Heinrichs, BS (2003). Effects of mannan oligosaccharide or antibiotics in neonatal diets on health and growth of dairy calves. J. Dairy Sci., 86: 4064-4069.
Hill, SR; Hopkins, BA; Davidson, S; Bolt, SM; Diaz, DE; Brownie, C; Brown, T; Huntington, GB and Whitlow, LW (2009). The addition of cottonseed hulls to the starter and supplementation of live yeast or mannanoligo-saccharide in the milk for young calves. J. Dairy Sci., 92: 790-798.
Hossain, SA; Parnerkar, S; Haque, N; Gupta, RS; Kumar, D and Tyagi, AK (2012). Influence of dietary supp-lementation of live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on nutrient utilization, ruminal and biochemical profiles of Kankrej calves. Int. J. Appl. Anim. Sci., 1: 30-38.
Jain, NC (1993). Essentials of veterinary hematology. 1st Edn., Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger. PP: 76-250.
Kamra, DN; Chaudhary, LC; Agarwal, N; Singh, R and Pathak, NN (2002). Growth performance, nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation and enzyme activities in calves fed on Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplemented diet. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 72: 472-475.
Kara, C; Cihan, H; Temizel, M; Catik, S; Meral, Y; Orman, A; Yibar, A and Gencoglu, H (2015). Effects of supplemental mannanoligosaccharides on growth performance, faecal characteristics and health in dairy calves. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 28: 1599-1605.
Kaufhold, J; Hammon, HM and Blum, JW (2000). Fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation: effects on metabolic, endocrine and hematological traits in veal calves. Transbound Emerg. Dis., 47: 17-29.
Kim, MH; Seo, JK; Yun, CH; Kang, SJ; Ko, JY and Ha, JK (2011). Effects of hydrolyzed yeast supplementation in calf starter on immune responses to vaccine challenge in neonatal calves. Animal. 5: 953-960.
Konstantinov, SR; Favier, CF; Zhu, WY; Williams, BA; Klüß, J; Souffrant, WB; de Vos, WM; Akkermans, AD and Smidt, H (2004). Microbial diversity studies of the porcine gastrointestinal ecosystem during weaning transition. Anim. Res., 53: 317-324.
Król, B (2011). Effect of mannanoligosaccharides, inulin and yeast nucleotides added to calf milk replacers on rumen microflora, level of serum immunoglobulin and health condition of calves. Electronic J. Polish Agric. Univ., 14: 1-18.
Laborde, JM (2008). Effects of probiotics and yeast culture on rumen development and growth of dairy calves. LSU Master’s Thesis 3824.
Lesmeister, KE; Heinrichs, AJ and Gabler, MT (2004). Effects of supplemental yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) culture on rumen development, growth characteristics, and blood parameters in neonatal dairy calves. J. Dairy Sci., 87: 832-839.
Mathur, S and Singh, R (2005). Antibiotic resistance in food lactic acid bacteria—a review. Int. J. Food. Microbiol., 105: 281-295.
Morrison, SJ; Dawson, S and Carson, AF (2010). The effects of mannan oligosaccharide and Streptococcus faecium addition to milk replacer on calf health and performance. Livest. Sci., 131: 292-296.
Nonnecke, BJ; Foote, MR; Smith, JM; Pesch, BA and Van Amburgh, ME (2003). Composition and functional capacity of blood mononuclear leukocyte populations from neonatal calves on standard and intensified milk replacer diets. J. Dairy Sci., 86: 3592-3604.
Noori, M; Alikhani, M and Jahanian, R (2016). Effect of partial substitution of milk with probiotic yogurt of different pH on performance, body conformation and blood biochemical parameters of Holstein calves. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 44: 221-229.
Pandey, P and Agrawal, IS (2001). Nutrient utilization and growth response in crossbred calves fed antibiotic and probiotic supplemented diets. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 18: 15-18.
Quigley III, JD; Kost, CJ and Wolfe, TA (2002). Effects of spray-dried animal plasma in milk replacers or additives containing serum and oligosaccharides on growth and health of calves. J. Dairy Sci., 85: 413-421.
Rekiel, A; Wiecek, J; Bielecki, W; Gajewska, J; Cichowicz, M; Kulisiewicz, J; Batorska, M; Roszkowski, T and Beyga, K (2007). Effect of addition of feed antibiotic flavomycin or prebiotic BIO-MOS on production results of fatteners, blood biochemical parameters, morphometric indices of intestine and composition of microflora. Arch. Tierz. Dummerstorf., 50: 172-180.
Riddell, JB; Gallegos, AJ; Harmon, DL and McLeod, KR (2010). Addition of a Bacillus based probiotic to the diet of preruminant calves: influence on growth, health, and blood parameters. Int. J. Appl. Res. Vet. M., 8: 78-85.
Roodposhti, PM and Dabiri, N (2012). Effects of probiotic and prebiotic on average daily gain, fecal shedding of Escherichia coli, and immune system status in newborn female calves. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 25: 1255-1261.
Sannine, WE; Muralidhara, KS; Elliker, PR and England, DC (1972). Lactic caid bacteria in food and health: a review with special reference to enteropathogenic Escherichia coli as well as certain enteric diseases and their treatment with antibiotics and lactobacilli. J. Milk Food Technol., 35: 691-702.
Satık, S (2017). Effects of kefir as a probiotic source on the performance and health of young dairy calves. TURJAF. 5: 139-143.
Shah, NP (2007). Functional cultures and health benefits. Int. Dairy J., 17: 1262-1277.
Shim, S (2005). Effects of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics in the diet of young pigs. Ph.D. Thesis, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands. PP: 65-78.
Silva, JTD; Bittar, CMM and Ferreira, LS (2012). Evaluation of mannan-oligosaccharides offered in milk replacers or calf starters and their effect on performance and rumen development of dairy calves. R. Bras. Zootec., 41: 746-752.
Tang, SG; Sieo, CC; Ramasamy, K; Saad, WZ; Wong, HK and Ho, YW (2017). Performance, biochemical and hematological responses, and relative organ weights of laying hens fed diets supplemented with prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic. BMC Vet. Res., 13: 248-260.
Tang, ZR; Yin, YL; Nyachoti, CM; Huang, RL; Li, TJ; Yang, C; Yang, XJ; Gong, J; Peng, J; Qi, DS and Xing, JJ (2005). Effect of dietary supplementation of chitosan and galacto-mannan-oligosaccharide on serum parameters and the insulin-like growth factor-I mRNA expression in early-weaned piglets. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol., 28: 430-441.
Terre, M; Calvo, MA; Adelantado, C; Kocher, A and Bach, A (2007). Effects of mannan oligosaccharides on performance and microorganism fecal counts of calves following an enhanced-growth feeding program. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 137: 115-125.
Timmerman, HM; Mulder, L; Everts, H; Van Espen, DC; Van Der Wal, E; Klaassen, G; Rouwers, SMG; Hartemink, R; Rombouts, FM and Beynen, AC (2005).
Health and growth of veal calves fed milk replacers with or without probiotics. J. Dairy Sci., 88: 2154-2165.
Uzmay, C; Kiliç, A; Kaya, I; Özkul, H; Önenç, SS and Polat, M (2011). Effect of mannan oligosaccharide addition to whole milk on growth and health of Holstein calves. Arch. Tierzucht., 54: 127-136.
Zhao, PY; Jung, JH and Kim, IH (2012). Effect of mannan oligosaccharides and fructan on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profile, and diarrhea score in weanling pigs. J. Anim. Sci., 90: 833-839.
)