مقایسه اثرات پروبیوتیک و پری‌بیوتیک به عنوان جایگزین‌های آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ بر کلونیزاسیون سالمونلا، عملکرد و کیفیت تخم‌‌مرغ در مرغ‌های تخم‌گذار چالش‌یافته با سالمونلا انتریکا سروتیپ انتریتیدیس

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

چکیده

پیشینه: مصرف تخم‌مرغ‌های آلوده به سالمونلا انتریکا سروتیپ انتریتیدیس (SE) باعث گاستروانتریت در انسان می‌شود. هدف: مطالعه حاضر اثر پروبیوتیک و پری‌بیوتیک را در مقایسه با آنتی‌بیوتیک در کلونیزاسیون SE در سکوم، و کمیت و کیفیت تخم‌های تولید شده در مرغ‌های تخم‌گذار چالش یافته با SE مورد بررسی قرار داد. روش کار: صد قطعه مرغ Hy-Line W-36 با سن 44 هفته به مدت 13 هفته در یک طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی شامل پنج تیمار و چهار تکرار با پنج پرنده در هر تکرار مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. تیمارها شامل: شاهد منفی، شاهد مثبت و جیره‌های غذایی حاوی آنتی بیوتیک (اکسی تتراسیکلین 15/0 گرم در هر کیلوگرم جیره)، پروبیوتیک (باکتوسل 1/0 گرم در هر کیلوگرم جیره)، و پری‌بیوتیک (دیاموند اوریجینال XPC 25/1 گرم در هر کیلوگرم جیره) بودند. تمام گروه‌های آزمایشی به جز شاهد منفی با استفاده از 1 میلی‌لیتر محلول سوسپانسیون حاوی CFU/ml 107 × 1 باکتری SE با گاواژ دهانی در آغاز هفته نهم آزمایش چالش داده شدند. شاخص‌های عملکردی و جمعیت باکتری‌های سکوم در پایان هر هفته اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج: پروبیوتیک و پری‌بیوتیک به ترتیب قبل و بعد از چالش با SE تاثیر بیشتری در کاهش کلسترول زرده و سطح کلسترول خون نشان دادند (P<0.05). در دوره قبل از چالش، تیمارها هیچ تاثیری بر جمعیت باکتری‌های سکوم نداشتند. اما بعد از این چالش، سه مکمل غذایی، کلونیزاسیون SE را در سکوم مرغ‌های تخم‌گذار کاهش دادند و پری‌بیوتیک اثر پیشگیرانه بیشتری نشان داد (P<0.05). نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که پری‌بیوتیک می‌تواند در کاهش و جلوگیری از کلونیزاسیون SE در مرغ‌های تخم‌گذار مؤثر باشد و به عنوان جایگزینی برای آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها عمل کند.

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