Application of histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques for detection of lung tissue in cooked sausage

Document Type : Full paper (Original article)

Authors

1 Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran; 3Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada

3 Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada

4 Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Background: Using unauthorized tissues in sausage is a common food adulteration in some parts of the world. Aims: This study was designed to compare the accuracy of histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques for the detection of lung tissue in cooked sausage samples. Methods: Samples with different levels of sheep lung tissues (1, 2.5, and 5%) and a control group were prepared and stained histochemically using H&E, Masson trichrome, and Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) stainings, and immunohistochemically using two different commercially-available antibodies of TTF1 Pan-cytokeratin. Results: The highest positive results of lung tissue detection were achieved in sausage samples stained with anti-TTF1 immunohistochemical staining method. Both anti-TTF1 and anti-pan-cytokeratin immunohistochemical techniques detected all contaminated sausage samples treated with 50 g/kg lung tissues. Anti-TTF1 staining method had the highest odds ratio (7.4), followed by anti-pan-cytokeratin method (6.0). Reversely, PAS staining method had the lowest odds ratio (0.21), followed by Masson trichrome method (1.7). Additionally, anti-TTF1 method had the highest (1.8-31.0) confidence intervale (95%), while PAS had the lowest (0.02-2.1). Totally, the odds ratio of lung tissue detected by immunohistochemical methods were higher than those detected by histochemical staining. Conclusion: This is the first report on the comparison of histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques for lung tissue detection in cooked sausage. Anti-TTF1 immunohistochemical staining proved to be the most useful technique for the detection of unauthorized lung tissue in cooked sausages.

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References

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