تغییر پروفایل اسیدهای چرب شیر در گاوهای هولشتاین تغذیه شده با پروبیوتیک باسیلوس کواگولانس: یک مطالعه میدانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل

نویسندگان

چکیده

پیشینه: پروبیوتیک‌ها ممکن است کیفیت شیر و وضعیت سلامت عمومی حیوانات را بهبود ببخشند. هدف: تاثیرات جیره باسیلوس کواگولانس PRM101 روی اجزای شیر‏، اسیدهای چرب (FA) شیر و بعضی از شاخص‌های سلامت در گاوهای شیری بررسی شد. روش کار: مقدار 2 گرم پروبیوتیک به‌ ازای هر راس گاو CFU/cow) (2 × 1011 به مدت 63 روز به جیره 12 راس گاو هولشتاین در مقایسه با 11 راس گاو شاهد که با جیره پایه تغذیه شدند‏، اضافه شد. نمونه‌های شیر و خون روزهای 0، 21، 42، و 63 گرفته شد. نتایج: حجم شیر و حجم شیر تصحیح شده از نظر انرژی (ECM‏؛ محاسبه شده از روی وزن شیر و محتوای چربی و پروتئین آن) به صورت خطی و مشابه در هر دو گروه کاهش یافت (P=0.60)‏. اما، گروه آزمایش در روز 42 مطالعه در مقادیر شیر (P=0.03) و ECM (P=0.04) افزایشی به صورت چند وجهی نشان داد. ECM (روز 42، p < 0.05) و محتوای پروتئین خام شیر (روز 42، p < 0.05؛ روز 63، p < 0.1) در گاوهایی که پروبیوتیک دریافت کرده بودند بالاتر بود. نسبت اسید هپتادکانوئیک (C17:0; P=0.002) و اسید لینولئیک (C18:2; P=0.077) در چربی شیر (گرم در هر صد گرم چربی) در گاوهای مورد آزمایش در روز 63 بالاتر بود. ظرفیت تام آنتی اکسیدانی شیر (TAC)، ‏مالون‌دی‌آلدئید (MDA) و نیز آمیلوئید A و هاپتوگلوبین (Hp) شیر و خون تفاوتی نشان ندادند. بین TAC و MDA در گروه کنترل ارتباط منفی مشاهده شد (r=-0.669, P=0.05). در گروه آزمایش اسید هپتادکانوئیک به صورت منفی با MDA شیر (r=-0.611, P=0.035) و به صورت مثبت (r=0.591, P=0.043) با Hp سرم ارتباط داشت. نتیجه‌گیری: استفاده از باسیلوس کواگولانس PRM101 در جیره گاوهای شیری ممکن است باعث بهبود نسبت اسیدهای چرب C17:0 و C18:2 در شیر شود. برخی تغییرات مثبت در پروتئین شیر و وضعیت سلامت گاوها نیز قابل انتظار است.

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