TY - JOUR ID - 4190 TI - Persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection in cattle herds JO - Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research JA - IJVR LA - en SN - 1728-1997 AU - Khodakaram-Tafti, A. AU - Farjanikish, GH. AD - Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran AD - Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran Y1 - 2017 PY - 2017 VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 154 EP - 163 KW - Antigen-Capture ELISA KW - BVD KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Persistent infection KW - RT-PCR DO - 10.22099/ijvr.2017.4190 N2 - Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a significant pathogen associated with gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive diseases of cattle worldwide. It causes continuous economic losses to the cattle industry primarily due to decreased reproductive performance. The ability of virus to cross the placenta during early pregnancy can result in the birth of persistently infected (PI) calves. Persistently infected animals are generally much more efficient transmitters of BVDV than transiently or acutely infected animals because they are capable of shedding large quantities of virus throughout their lives and are considered the primary reservoirs for BVDV. Due to the nature of viral infections, there is no treatment to fully cure an animal of a viral infection. All control programs which are in use in many countries of the world, mainly depend upon the detection of PI animals, eliminating them and preventing their return into the herds. Detection of PI animals at early stage, particularly soon after birth is of significant benefit to implement BVDV control programs. Available diagnostic tests such as virus isolation (VI), immunohistochemistry (IHC), Antigen-Capture ELISA (ACE), and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) are used for detection of PI cattle. Each method to detect BVDV has advantages, disadvantages, and applicability for different diagnostic situations. The reliability of diagnostic tests is optimized by choosing the appropriate sampling strategy on the basis of animal age. UR - https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4190.html L1 - https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4190_c437d6dbd58fdae6d2b09acbd83dde18.pdf ER -