Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
Genetic diversity, virulence and distribution of antimicrobial resistance among Listeria monocytogenes isolated from milk, beef, and bovine farm environment
1
8
EN
C. S.
Swetha
Ph.D. Student in Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai-600 007, Tamil Nadu, India
K.
Porteen
0000-0002-6925-328X
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai-600 007, Tamil Nadu, India
porteen.k@tanuvas.ac.in
A.
Elango
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Salem-636 112, Tamil Nadu, India
B. S. M.
Ronald
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai-600 007, Tamil Nadu, India
T. M. A.
Senthil Kumar
Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals (TRPVB), Madhavaram Milk Colony, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai-600 051, Tamil Nadu, India
A. P.
Milton
Division of Animal Health, ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Meghalaya-793 103, India
S.
Sureshkannan
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai-600 007, Tamil Nadu, India
10.22099/ijvr.2020.37618.5472
<strong>Background:</strong> <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em> is an opportunistic intracellular foodborne pathogen and is ubiquitous in nature. The occurrence of <em>L. monocytogenes</em> in animal production units coupled with their presence in milk, faeces, feed, water, sewage, and soil is a contributory factor for foodborne listeriosis in humans and animals. <strong>Aims:</strong> The study was aimed to characterize genotype and serogroup of <em>L. monocytogenes</em> recovered from different types of samples and also to study antimicrobial patterns by phenotypic and genotypic methods. <strong>Methods:</strong> Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the confirmation of <em>L. monocytogenes</em>, the identification of its serogroup and lineage, and the detection of virulence markers. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC), and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR were used to characterize those isolates, and antimicrobial patterns were studied phenotypically by Kirby-Bauer method and genotypically by PCR. <strong>Results:</strong> Out of the screened 474 samples (274 milk and 50 each of soil, feed, sewage, and beef), ten <em>L. monocytogenes</em> isolates (milk=8, soil=1, and beef=1) were confirmed by PCR targeting the <em>hlyA</em> gene and found to belong to the 1/2a, 3a serogroup and fall under type II lineage. Virulence potential assessment revealed that all the ten isolates harbored the <em>iap </em> gene while the presence of <em>plcA</em> and <em>plcB</em> genes were noticed in seven and eight isolates respectively. Six isolates from milk were found to group in the same cluster by ERIC and RAPD fingerprinting, suggesting both methods to be efficient molecular typing tools for <em>L. monocytogenes</em>. Genotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes revealed that seven isolates were positive for <em>tetM</em>, five for <em>mefA</em>, four for <em>msrA</em>, and one for <em>lnuA</em> genes while none of the isolates showed <em>tetK</em>, <em>ermA</em>, <em>ermB</em>, and <em>lnuB</em> genes. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The presence of <em>L. monocytogenes</em> in bovine farm environments coupled with virulence markers, and multidrug resistance from the study area suggest a possible transmission from the environment to humans and animals which needs to be monitored regularly to ensure food safety and the well-being of animals and humans.
Antimicrobial resistance,ERIC,Listeria monocytogenes,RAPD-PCR,serogrouping
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5925.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5925_f1f95affaf39bd0be17e2d10b813c199.pdf
Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of some antimicrobials and disinfectants against bacterial pathogens from hoof lesions in dairy cattle
9
14
EN
S.
Ali
Ph.D. Student in Clinical Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
M.
Avais
0000-0002-2229-0358
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
mavais@uvas.edu.pk
A. Z.
Durrani
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
K.
Ashraf
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
M.
Bilal
Department of Statistics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences Business Management, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
A.
Nasir
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan
J. A.
Khan
0000-0002-1734-7604
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
M.
Awais
Ph.D. Student in Clinical Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-54000, Pakistan
10.22099/ijvr.2020.37776.5493
<strong>Background:</strong> Lameness in dairy cattle is prevalent worldwide and has serious economic and welfare implications. Nevertheless, it is an overlooked and least studied dairy problem in Pakistan. <strong>Aims:</strong> This study was executed for <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> evaluation of antimicrobials and disinfectants against bacterial pathogens from hoof lesions of commercial dairy cattle. <strong>Methods:</strong> For <em>in vitro</em> studies, 23 bacterial isolates (n=10 <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, n=8 <em>Fusobacterium necrophorum</em>, and n=5 <em>Bacteroides</em>) from hoof lesions were used for antimicrobial and disinfectants susceptibility testing. <em>In vivo</em> trials were carried out among 4 groups of dairy cows suffering from hoof lesions using different combinations of antimicrobials, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and disinfectants either parenterally or topically. <strong>Results:</strong> Results indicated that most of the isolates of <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>F. necrophorum</em>, and <em>Bacteroides</em> were resistant to penicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim + sulphamethoxazole, oxytetracycline, and tylosin. Ciprofloxacin and gentamicin were the most effective antimicrobials (<em>in vitro</em>) against all three bacterial pathogens. Comparison of <em>in vitro</em> efficacy of disinfectants showed that copper sulfate was the most effective disinfectant against the three pathogens followed by povidone-iodine and chloroxylenol. <em>In vivo</em> trials revealed that ciprofloxacin at 5 mg/kg/day intramuscular (IM) for 7 days, flunixin meglumine at 2.2 mg/kg/day IM for 7 days, and copper sulfate (5% solution) as foot-bath twice daily for 21 days was the most effective treatment regimen to treat lameness in commercial dairy cows. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It was concluded that <em>in vitro</em> antibiogram and disinfectant studies were useful tools to assess the effectiveness of routinely used antimicrobials and disinfectants for the treatment of lameness.
Bacteroides,copper sulfate,Fusobacterium necrophorum,Lameness,Phenol
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5880.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5880_cf1a284a0176ed8626d1b1c26ea25505.pdf
Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
Molecular characterization and histo-physiological alterations induced by concurrent helminthosis in the liver of urban commensal rodents in Punjab, India
15
23
EN
S. K.
Brar
Department of Zoology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India
N.
Singla
Department of Zoology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, India
neenasingla@pau.edu
L. D.
Singla
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141004, India
10.22099/ijvr.2020.38050.5539
<strong>Background:</strong> Rodents harbour a number of parasites of public health importance, thus, they threaten human health and livestock. <strong>Aims:</strong> The present study aimed to characterize two helminthic species found in commensal rodents and record histo-physiological alterations induced by them. <strong>Methods</strong>: A total of 300 synanthropic rodents of three species: <em>Rattus rattus</em> (n=201), <em>Bandicota bengalensis</em><em>(n=90), and Mus musculus</em><em>(</em><em>n=09</em><em>) were live trapped </em>and necropsied in different seasons during November 2017 to October 2019 at Ludhiana, Punjab, India. <strong>Results:</strong> Liver of two species <em>B. bengalensis</em> (72.22%) and <em>R. rattus</em> (65.67%) were found infected with two helminthic parasites <em>Taenia taeniaeformis</em>, and <em>Calodium</em><em> hepaticum</em>. These endoparasites were present either alone (4.33-6.33%) or as mixed infection (65.55%). The level of total proteins and liver marker enzymes including aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were found significantly higher in the liver of rodent species infected with single and mixed infection compared to those with no infection. In histopathological assay, granulomatous liver lesions and necrosis of hepatocytes were seen which were associated with eggs and adults of <em>C. hepaticum</em> and inflammatory reaction in hepatic parenchyma adjoining to cysts of <em>T. taeniaeformis</em>. Based upon scanning electron microscopy (SEM) identification and molecular characterization using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) region, the metacestodes in whitish cysts were confirmed to be of <em>T. taeniaeformis</em> for the first time in Punjab, India. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study highlights an alarmingly high infection of rodents with zoonotic parasites and suggests immediate pest (rodent) control to check the dissemination of zoonotic diseases by helminth species under study.
Helminthosis,Molecular characterization,Morphology,Pathophysiology,Zoonotic diseases
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5903.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5903_9c018b5ce122a73f5b5e9fce0aa4324b.pdf
Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
High efficacy of a characterized lytic bacteriophage in combination with thyme essential oil against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in chicken products
24
32
EN
K.
Abdallah
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt (current address)
A.
Tharwat
Department of Food Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt (current address)
R.
Gharieb
0000-0003-2398-7824
Zoonoses department, faculty of veterinary medicine, zagazig university, zagazig, Egypt
ghariebrasha@gmail.com
10.22099/ijvr.2020.38083.5543
<strong>Background:</strong> The emergence and spread of methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) in the food industry have led to using alternative natural bioagents for controlling <em>S. aureus</em> in food. <strong>Aims:</strong> The current work aimed to isolate and characterize a lytic phage specific to <em>S. aureus</em> and evaluate its efficacy with thyme essential oil for controlling <em>S. aureus</em> growth in chicken fillets<em>.</em> <strong>Methods:</strong> Twenty <em>S. aureus</em> strains previously isolated from ready-to-eat chicken products were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and used for phage isolation. <strong>Results:</strong> All <em>S. aureus</em> strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The isolated phage (vB_SauM_CP9) belonged to the family <em>Myoviridae</em> and maintained its stability at pH (4-9) and temperature (30-70°C). The phage showed lytic activity on ten <em>S. aureus</em> strains and had a burst size (228 PFU/infected cell), latent period (45 min), and rise period (15 min). A combination of <em>S. aureus</em> phage multiplicity of infection (MOI) 10 + thyme oil 1% caused a higher significant reduction in <em>S. aureus</em> growth (87.22%) in artificially inoculated chicken fillets than individual treatment with bacteriophage or thyme essential oil. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> To our knowledge, this is the first report to evaluate the efficacy of bacteriophage and thyme oil for controlling the growth of MDR <em>S. aureus</em> in chicken products and recommending application of <em>S. aureus</em> phage and thyme oil combination in the food industry to achieve food safety goals and consumer protection as well as mitigate the antimicrobial resistance crisis.
Bacteriophage,Biocontrol,chicken products,Staphylococcus aureus,Thyme essential oil
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5904.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5904_9935a7e9da184ec3ca251069c11b582a.pdf
Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
Improving broiler chickens’ health by using lecithin and lysophosphatidylcholine emulsifiers: a comparative analysis of physiological indicators
33
39
EN
M.
Nutautaitė
0000-0003-4167-8451
Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
monika.nutautaite@lsmuni.lt
A.
Racevičiūtė-Stupelienė
Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
L.
Andalibizadeh
MSc Student in Animal Sciences, Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
V.
Šašytė
Dr. L. Kriaučeliūnas Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
S.
Bliznikas
Institute of Animal Science, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Baisogala, Lithuania
A.
Pockevičius
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
V.
Vilienė
Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
10.22099/ijvr.2021.37028.5411
<strong>Background:</strong> Lipids play a vital function in a bird’s body and to improve the lipids utilization and their absorption in a bird’s digestive system, emulsifiers are suggested. <strong>Aims:</strong> This study evaluated and compared the effects of lecithin (LEC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) emulsifiers on broiler chicken’s productivity traits and physiological indicators such as blood plasma parameters, intestine traits, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) profile in caecum’s content, caecum’s villus height and crypt depth and their ratio. <strong>Methods:</strong> 900 Ross 308 broiler chickens were assigned to 3 groups with 6 replicate pens and fed with a standard compound diet (SCD) and an SCD supplemented with 0.05% LEC and 0.05% LPC. Body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), daily feed intake (DFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and dry matter (DM) content of the litter were recorded. At the end of the trial, 10 birds from each group were randomly selected and euthanized. Blood samples were collected, and blood plasma analysis was performed. Intestinal samples were collected post-mortem and intestinal traits, SCFA profiles, and intestinal histomorphometric were measured. <strong>Results:</strong> The inclusion of lysophosphatidylcholine significantly increased the broilers’ BW and ADG at their fifth week of age (P<0.05). Lecithin increased the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL/C) concentration in blood plasma (P<0.05). Butyric and isovaleric acid concentrations significantly increased by LPC and reduced by LEC (P<0.05). Lecithin and LPC caecum’s villus heights were significantly increased (P<0.05), and caecum’s crypt depth was also increased in LEC compared to SCD (P<0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> As an emulsifier, lysophosphatidylcholine can improve the broilers’ weight, but LEC showed better effects on their physiological indicators by improving intestinal mucosal absorption areas in caecum.
Intestine,Lecithin,Lysophosphatidylcholine,Physiology,SCFA
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5958.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5958_83b1ded071e80b48a38a49dc267eda89.pdf
Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
The effect of docetaxel on survival, fertilization rate and apoptosis-related genes mRNA expression in mouse metaphase II oocytes following vitrification
40
47
EN
Z.
Khodabandeh
Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
I.
Jamhiri
Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
N.
Dehghani
Department of Biology, College of Science, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
H.
Daneshpazhouh
Ph.D. Student in Biology, Department of Biology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
B.
Namavar Jahromi
Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
M.
Dianatpour
Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
S.
Alaee
0000-0003-4490-8830
Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
alaee@sums.ac.ir
10.22099/ijvr.2020.38128.5554
<strong>Background:</strong> Docetaxel is beneficial in oocyte cryopreservation. <strong>Aims:</strong> The effect of docetaxel, on the survival, fertilization rate and mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes of vitrified mature oocytes was investigated. <strong>Methods:</strong> Mature oocytes were divided into eight experimental groups, including I) control, II) docetaxel, III) docetaxel + cryoprotectant agent 1 (CPA1), IV) docetaxel + CPA2, V) docetaxel + vitrification 1 (Vit1), VI) docetaxel + Vit2, VII) Vit1, and VIII) Vit2. The survival and fertilization rates, and the mRNA expression level of <em>Bcl-xl</em>, <em>Bax</em> and <em>caspase-3</em> as apoptosis-related genes were evaluated. <strong>Results:</strong> The survival rates in Vit1, and Vit2 groups were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). The fertilization rates in docetaxel + Vit1, docetaxel + Vit2, Vit1, and Vit2 were significantly lower than the control, docetaxel, and related groups using docetaxel and CPAs. <em>Bax</em> expression was significantly increased in groups which oocytes vitrified. Also, its expression in the Vit2 group increased significantly in comparison to the docetaxel + Vit2 group. The expression of the <em>Bcl-xl</em> gene was downregulated in docetaxel + CPA2, docetaxel + Vit2 and Vit2 compared to docetaxel group. The <em>Bax/Bcl-xl</em> ratio significantly increased in docetaxel + CPA2, docetaxel + Vit1, docetaxel + Vit2, Vit1 and Vit2 groups compared to control, docetaxel and the docetaxel + CPA1 group. <em>Caspase-3</em> expression significantly increased in all six groups in comparison to the control, and docetaxel groups. Its expression significantly increased in the Vit1 and Vit2 groups in comparison with docetaxel + Vit1, and docetaxel + Vit2, respectively. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Docetaxel ameliorates the damages to oocytes during vitrification by altering the expression of apoptosis-related genes and its effects are dependent on the vitrification solution used in cryopreservation of oocytes.
Apoptosis,Docetaxel,Fertilization,Oocytes,Vitrification
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5917.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5917_c08d12515fcfd1f258c396646561a7e4.pdf
Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
Characterization of β-lactamase and quinolone resistant Clostridium perfringens recovered from broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis in Bangladesh
48
54
EN
M. Z.
Ali
0000-0002-3971-8699
Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh
zulfekar@blri.gov.bd
M. M.
Islam
Nourish Poultry Diseases Diagnostic Laboratory, Nourish Poultry and Hatchery Ltd., Dhaka 1210, Bangladesh
10.22099/ijvr.2020.36848.5376
<strong>Background:</strong> <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> causes necrotic enteritis (NE) and is considered a major economic burden in the broiler industry and a significant foodborne pathogen, worldwide. <strong>Aims:</strong> <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> isolated from NE affected broiler chickens was aimed to characterize and the presence of <em>β</em>-lactamase and quinolone resistant genes were also investigated in the isolates. <strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 224 intestinal and caecal specimens were collected from NE affected broiler chickens and cultured to isolate <em>C. perfringens</em>. The toxicogenic characterization of <em>C. perfringens</em> was appraised using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antibiotic susceptibility testing (disc diffusion method). The selected <em>C. perfringens</em> isolates were characterized for β-lactamase and quinolone encoding genes by PCR analysis. <strong>Results:</strong> All isolates were cultured positive for <em>C. perfringens</em> and the toxin-encoding genes of <em>C. perfringens</em> (<em>α-</em>, <em>β-</em>, <em>β2-</em>, <em>ε-</em>, <em>ι-</em>, and enterotoxin) were also identified. About 65.6% of isolates had a multi-drug resistant (MDR) profile but none of these isolates were resistant or susceptible to all screened antibiotics. A subset of isolates, 160 and 98 were analyzed for β-lactamase and quinolone genes, respectively, and recognized <em>bla</em><sub>TEM</sub>, <em>bla</em><sub>SHV</sub>, and <em>bla</em><sub>OXA</sub> in 64 (40%; CI: 32.35-48.03%; P<0.001) isolates, and <em>qnrB</em> and <em>qnrS</em> in 28 (28.57%; CI: 19.90-38.58%; P<0.001) isolates except <em>qnrA</em>. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Therefore, the isolates of <em>C. perfringens</em> were toxicogenic and carried β-lactamase, and quinolone resistance genes. Nowadays, the rational use of antibiotics and safe production of broiler chickens are the major concern to save public health.
Broiler,β-Lactamase,Clostridium perfringens,Antibiotic resistance,Quinolone
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5906.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5906_338922e147cdba026c45eea50d0fd9a1.pdf
Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
The effect of L-tryptophan on the food intake, rectal temperature, and blood metabolic parameters of 7-day-old chicks during feeding, fasting, and acute heat stress
55
64
EN
Y.
Badakhshan
Ph.D. Student in Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
L.
Emadi
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
emadil@uk.ac.ir
S.
Esmaeili-Mahani
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
S.
Nazifi
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
10.22099/ijvr.2020.37266.5428
<strong>Background:</strong> Exposure to a high ambient temperature (HT) can cause heat stress, which has a negative impact on physiological functions. L-tryptophan (L-Trp) as a precursor of serotonergic and kynurenine (Kyn) pathways, has a calmative effect during different stress statuses. <strong>Aims:</strong> This study was carried out to determine the influence of intraperitoneal injection of Trp on feeding behavior, rectal temperature, and some blood parameters in the heat stress condition. <strong>Methods:</strong> L-tryptophan (25 and 50 mg/kg body weight, BW) was administered intraperitoneally during either HT (39°C) or control temperature (CT; 31°C) for 5 h whilst fed or fasted in 7-day-old chicks. <strong>Results:</strong> L-tryptophan caused elevation in decreased food intake and significantly decreased rectal temperature during acute heat stress at the dose of 50 mg/kg BW. Rectal temperature reduced in the fasted state at the dose of 50 mg/kg BW, and at the dose of 25 mg/kg BW Trp in the fed state in comparison with the other experimental groups. Reduction of serum glucose, triglyceride, and corticosterone levels was seen during the fed state. L-tryptophan had a significant reducing effect on the serum corticosterone level in the fasted state in comparison with the fed state, and also revealed a significant decline at the dose of 25 mg/kg BW on the elevated serum corticosterone under heat stress. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Administration of L-tryptophan leads to increase cumulative food intake and decrease rectal temperature during heat stress. Also, L-Trp causes to decline increased serum corticosterone level under heat stress and fasted state. These findings indicated the potential regulator role of Trp to modulate stress response in heat-exposed chicks.
Blood parameter,Food intake,Heat stress,L-tryptophan,Rectal temperature
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5946.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5946_7b2638579b43769a767989e2459bb7a1.pdf
Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
In vitro culture and evaluation of bovine mammary epithelial cells from Ukraine dairy cows
65
71
EN
P.
Xu
0000000238623567
Department of Veterinary Expertise, Microbiology, Zoohygiene and Safety and Quality of Animals’ Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sumy National Agrarian University, 40021 Sumy, Ukraine
121558423@qq.com
H.
Fotina
Department of Veterinary Expertise, Microbiology, Zoohygiene and Safety and Quality of Animals’ Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sumy National Agrarian University, 40021 Sumy, Ukraine
T.
Fotina
Department of Veterinary Expertise, Microbiology, Zoohygiene and Safety and Quality of Animals’ Products, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sumy National Agrarian University, 40021 Sumy, Ukraine
S.
Wang
Department of Veterinary Expertise, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, 453003 Xinxiang, China
10.22099/ijvr.2020.37714.5508
<strong>Background:</strong> Mammary epithelial cells (MECs) have been widely-used over the years as models to understand the physiological function of mammary disease. <strong>Aims:</strong> This study aimed to establish a culture system and elucidate the unique characteristics of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) from the milk of Ukraine Holstein dairy cows in order to develop a general <em>in vitro</em> model. <strong>Methods:</strong> The milk from a three-year-old lactating dairy cow was used as a source of the epithelial cell, characteristics of BMECs were examined using real time cell assay (RTCA), immunocytochemistry (ICC), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blot (WB). <strong>Results:</strong> The results showed that BMECs can be recovered from milk, grown in culture, and exhibit the characteristic cobblestone morphology of epithelial cells. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The established BMECs retained MEC characteristics and secreted β-caseins even when grew on plastic substratum. Thus, the established cell line had normal morphology, growth characteristics, as well as secretory characteristics, and it could be considered as a model system and useful tool for understanding the biology of dairy cow mammary glands.
Bovine mammary epithelial cell,β-casein,Cobblestone morphology,Mammary disease,Ukraine Holstein dairy cow
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5923.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5923_08857808687f531d26c08e85604de7bc.pdf
Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
Estimation of periostin as a biomarker for early pregnancy diagnosis in goats: a preliminary study
72
75
EN
A. M.
Köse
0000-0003-1863-5955
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, TR-31040, Hatay, Turkey
aysemervekose@gmail.com
M. K.
Sarıbay
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, TR-31040, Hatay, Turkey
E.
Koldaş Ürer
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, TR-31040, Hatay, Turkey
Z.
Naseer
Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
G.
Doğruer
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, TR-31040, Hatay, Turkey
F.
Karaca
Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, TR-31040, Hatay, Turkey
N.
Coşkun Çetin
Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, TR-31040, Hatay, Turkey
10.22099/ijvr.2020.38499.5606
<strong>Background:</strong> Periostin (POSTN) is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that plays an important role in the metastatic process and cancer cell migration. As implantation is a similar mechanism to metastasis, it has been hypothesized that POSTN may also play a role in the implantation process. <strong>Aims:</strong> The aim of the present study was to compare POSTN and progesterone levels during the early pregnancy stage in Damascus goats. <strong>Methods:</strong> Forty goats were synchronized using progesterone based sponges and were mated upon estrus signs display. While ten goats were kept as control (CON) and were not allowed to mate. Blood samples were taken through jugular venepuncture from CON and synchronized goats on day 13, 15, 17, 19, and 21 of breeding. Progesterone and POSTN levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Later the pregnancy diagnosis was confirmed by transabdominal ultrasonography on day 50 after mating. <strong>Results:</strong> Progesterone level was influenced by status of pregnancy and day of observation with an interaction between the status of pregnancy and day of observation in goats. Whereas POSTN level was only affected by the day of observation. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> POSTN level did not vary with progesterone level during phase of embryonic implantation in goats; however, standardization and application of different procedures for POSTN assay in a large group of animals might be useful as an early pregnancy biomarker in goats.
Biomarker,Goat,periostin,Pregnancy,progesterone
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5929.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5929_f9e8ea2e34272dcb5729d5195c20a65e.pdf
Shiraz University
Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research
1728-1997
2252-0589
22
1
2021
03
01
Development of a novel and specialized cultivation method for isolating Helicobacter pullorum from chicken meat
76
80
EN
H.
Akhlaghi
DVM Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
S. H.
Emadi Chashmi
Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
A.
Jebelli Javan
0000-0002-1230-0866
Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
jebellija@profs.semnan.ac.ir
10.22099/ijvr.2020.38193.5560
<strong>Background:</strong> It has become established that <em>Helicobacter pullorum</em> could be isolated from raw chicken meat. <strong>Aims:</strong> This study was aimed to develop a novel culture method (protocol B) to isolate <em>H. pullorum</em> from chicken meat by adding some modifications to the traditional culture method (protocol A), and as a consequence to compare their sensitivity, specificity, and the accuracy of these methods with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. <strong>Methods:</strong> 400 chicken meat samples were collected from various retail markets and supermarkets. Each sample was processed by protocol A, protocol B, and PCR test. <strong>Results:</strong> Out of 400 samples, 77 (19.25%), and 163 (40.75%) were culture-positive by protocol A and protocol B, respectively. Using PCR test as a gold standard, 196 (49%) samples were identified as <em>H. pullorum</em>. The specificity for both protocols was determined 100%, while the sensitivity of protocol B and protocol A was assessed 83% and 39%, respectively. Also, the higher and lower accuracy belonged to protocol B (92%) and protocol A (70%), respectively. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The methodology designed herein can provide a suitable, approximately sensitive, specific, and accurate method to cultivate <em>H. pullorum</em> from chicken meat.
Culture method,Helicobacter pullorum,PCR,Sensitivity,Specificity
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5949.html
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_5949_74e3f13b5a442469b39171dd2a77df79.pdf