ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
FSH and eCG impact follicles development and expression of ovarian FSHR and caspase-9 in mice
The study aimed to investigate the effects of FSH and eCG on the ovarian and follicular development, expression levels of FSHR and caspase-9 of ovaries in vivo. One hundred and five prepuberty mice were allocated into FSH-1, FSH-2, FSH-3, eCG-1, eCG-2, eCG-3 groups and control group (CG). Mice in FSH-1, FSH-2 and FSH-3 were intramuscularly injected with 5, 10 and 20 IU FSH twice (on day 0 and 4), respectively. Mice in eCG-1, eCG-2 and eCG-3 were intraperitoneally injected with 10, 20 and 40 IU eCG on day 0 and 4. Mice in the CG were injected with 0.5 ml normal saline on day 0 and 4. Left and right ovaries of each mouse were dissected aseptically on days 7, 14 and 21, respectively. The results showed that on days 14 and 21 the ovarian sizes and follicle numbers of FSH-3 and eCG-3 groups were greater than CG (P<0.05). FSHR mRNA of FSH-2 and eCG-1 were higher than CG on days 14 and 21 (P<0.05). FSHR proteins of FSH-3 were higher than CG on days 14 and 21 (P<0.05). Caspase-9 mRNA in FSH and eCG groups was less than CG. There were positive correlations between follicle numbers and FSH and eCG doses. FSHR protein expressions had positive correlations between ovarian weights and sizes of ovary and follicle numbers (r=0.971, P<0.05) in FSH-treated mice. Serum FSH concentrations of FSH-2, FSH-3, eCG-2 and eCG-3 groups were greater than that of CG. In conclusion, eCG and FSH promoted the ovarian development, follicle genesis, FSH secretion, FSHR mRNA and protein expressions in ovaries of mice. FSH and eCG inhibited the expression of ovarian caspase-9 mRNA.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4085_6f53bc3cba0bf8c23f8a6bb08aea573d.pdf
2017-06-01
79
85
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4085
Caspase-9
Equine chorionic gonadotrophin
Follicle stimulating hormone receptor
Gene expression
Ovarian development
S.
Wei
1
Department of Reproduction Endocrinology, Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
AUTHOR
Z.
Gong
yxgzd578@163.com
2
Affiliated Hospital, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
LEAD_AUTHOR
H.
Guo
3
Province Center for Prevention and Control of Animal Disease, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu Province, China
AUTHOR
T.
Zhang
4
Department of Reproduction Endocrinology, Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
AUTHOR
Z.
Ma
5
Engineering & Technology Research Center of Animal Cells of Gansu Province, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
AUTHOR
Alejandro, CI; Manuel, XCV; Gustavo, RLC; Román, EC; Alejandro, CJC; Maximino, MM; Rubén, HC; Abel, VM; de Lourdes, JM; Pedro, SA and Eulogio, GL (2012). Effect of cloprostenol and fluorogestone acetate more PMSG on synchronization and no return to estrus in seasonal anestrus Dorper sheep. J. App. Sci. Res., 8: 1612-1614.
1
Ali, MS; Khandoker, MAM; Afroz, MA and Bhuiyan, AKFH (2012). Ovarian response to different dose levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in different genotypes of Bangladeshi cattle. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci., 25: 52-58.
2
Asahara, S; Sato, A; Aljonaid, AA and Maruo, T (2003). Thyroid hormone synergizes with follicle stimulating hormone to inhibit apoptosis in porcine granulosa cells selectively from small follicles. Kobe J. Med. Sci., 49: 107-116.
3
Cao, J; Zhou, G; Liu, Y; Liao, G; Zhang, Q; Ye, K; Pan, D and Ou, C (2014). Activation of caspase-9 and its influencing factors in beef during conditioning. Animals. 8: 504-509.
4
Crawford, JL; Heath, DA; Haydon, LJ; Thomson, BP and Eckery, DC (2009). Gene expression and secretion of LH and FSH in relation to gene expression of GnRH receptors in the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) demons-trates highly conserved mechanisms. Reproduction. 137: 129-140.
5
David, EN; Timothy, JP and Gary, CWE (2009). Veterinary reproduction and obstetrics. 9th Edn., Philadelphia, USA, Elsevier Medicine Press. PP: 127-189.
6
El-Nefiawy Nagwa, E (2011). Effect of exogenous prostag-landin E2 administration on ovarian follicle growth and angiogenesis in rat with reference to pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin. Egypt. J. Histol., 34: 251-259.
7
Ene, AC; Park, S; Edelmann, W and Taketo, T (2013). Caspase 9 is constitutively activated in mouse oocytes and plays a key role in oocyte elimination during meiotic prophase progression. Dev. Biol., 377: 213-223.
8
Erickson, GF and Shimasaki, S (2001). The physiology of folliculogenesis: the role of novel growth factors. Fertil. Steril., 76: 943-949.
9
Hillier, SG (2001). Gonadotropic control of ovarian follicular growth and development. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 179: 39-46.
10
Hu, P; Huang, H; Liu, Y; Zhang, J; Lang, H and Zhang, G (2005). Effect of PMSG on the ovarian and uterine Kunming mouse immature and histology. Heilongjiang J. Anim. Reprod. China. 13: 6-7.
11
Hunzicker-Dunn, M and Maizels, ET (2006). FSH signaling pathways in immature granulosa cells that regulate target gene expression: branching out from protein kinase A. Cell Signal. 18: 1351-1359.
12
Layman, LC and McDonough, PG (2000). Mutations of follicle stimulating hormone-β and its receptor in human and mouse: genotype/phenotype. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 161: 9-17.
13
Li, P; Yue, W; Pang, Y; Yu, X; Huang, Y; Ren, Y and Lv, L (2013). Effects of FSH and insulin on sheep ovarian follicular granulose cells in vitro culture. Acta Vet. et Zoot. Sin., 44: 1386-1391.
14
Maritza, PM; Jorg, G; Hermanan, MB; Claudia, G; Eberhard, N and Manuela, S (2000). Ovarian response to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation depends on the FSH receptor genotype. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metabol., 85: 3365-3369.
15
McStay, GP; Salvesen, GS and Green, DR (2008). Over- lapping cleavage motif selectivity of caspases: implications for analysis of apoptotic pathways. Cell Death Differ., 15: 322-331.
16
Menon, KMJ; Anil, K; Nair, LW and Helle, P (2007). Regulation of luteinizing hormone receptor mRNA expression by a specific RNA binding protein in the ovary. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 260: 109-116.
17
Miro, F and Hillier, SG (1996). Modulation of granulosa cell deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and differentiation by activin. Endocrinology. 137: 464-468.
18
Roberta, NC; Ana, BG; Duarte, G; Rodrigues, Q; Juliana, JHC; Gerlane, MS and Claudio, AP (2012). Effects of insulin and follicle-simulating hormone (FSH) during in vitro development of ovarian: goat preantral follicles and the relative mRNA expression for insulin and FSH receptors and cytochrome P450 aromatase in cultured follicles. Biol. Reprod., 87: 321-329.
19
Roy, SK and Albee, L (2000). Requirement for follicle-stimulating hormone action in the formation of primordial follicles during perinatal ovarian development in the hamster. Endocrinology. 114: 4449-4456.
20
Seekallu, SV; Toosi, BM; Duggavathi, R; Barrett, DMW; Davies, KL; Waldner, C and Rawlings, NC (2010). Ovarian antral follicular dynamics in sheep revisited: comparison among estrous cycles with three or four follicular waves. Theriogenology. 73: 670-680.
21
Susan, MJ and Roy, S (2000). Effects of exogenous FSH on follicular recruitment in a viviparous lizard Niveoscincus metallicus (Scincidae). Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A: Mol. Integrat. Physiol., 127: 487-493.
22
Thomas, FH and Vanderhyden, BC (2003). Oocyte granulosa cell interactions during mouse follicular development: regulation of kit ligand expression and its role in oocyte growth. Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol., 1: 1-7.
23
Wei, S; Chen, S; Gong, Z; Ouyang, X; An, L; Xie, K; Dong, J and Wei, M (2013a). Alarelin active immunization influences expression levels of GnRHR, FSHR and LHR proteins in the ovary and enhances follicular development in ewes. Anim. Sci. J., 84: 466-475.
24
Wei, S; Gong, Z; Ouyang, X; Xie, K and Wei, M (2013b). Modulation of expression, localization of FSHR and uterine development by GnRH agonist active immunization in ewes. J. Anim. Plant Sci., 19: 2888-2900.
25
Yuan, L; Wang, B; Piao, S; Tan, J and An, T (2008). Effect of PMSG on development of reproductive organs in different day-old immature mice. Acta Lab. Anim. Sci. Sin., 16: 338-341.
26
Zeleznik, A (2004). The physiology of follicle selection. Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol., 2: 31-34.
27
Zhang, C; Liu, L; Di, M; Zhao, D; Zhao, L; Xu, P and Rui, R (2007). Effects of the PMSG dosages on superovulation and oocyte quality in immature rats. Chinese J. Comp. Med., 17: 338-344. (in Chinese)
28
Zhang, C; Xia, G and Tsang, BK (2011). Interactions of thyroid hormone and FSH in the regulation of rat granulosa cell apoptosis. Front Biosci., 3: 1401-1413.
29
Zhou, J (1995). Research on estrus synchronization and superovulation in KM mice. Chinese J. Exp. Anim. Sci., 5: 139-141.
30
Zhou, XL; Teng, Y; Cao, R; Fu, H; Xiong, K; Sun, WX; Zhu, CC; Huang, XJ; Xiao, P and Liu, HL (2013). Rescue from dominant follicle atresia by follicle-stimulating hormone in mice. Genet. Mol. Res., 12: 2945-2952.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of the timing of the Escherichia coli co-infection on pathogenecity of H9N2 avian influenza virus in broiler chickens
Bacterial co-infections can probably influence the pathogenicity of H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of exposure time to Escherichia coli (O:2) on the pathogenicity of H9N2 AIV in broiler chickens. Three hundred and sixty broiler chickens were randomly allocated to six equal groups. At the age of 26 days, all chicks except groups 5 and 6 were inoculated intra-nasally with H9N2 virus. At the same time, the birds in groups 1 and 5 were infected with E. coli via spray route. Birds in groups 3 and 2 were infected with E. coli three days prior to and three days post AI challenge, respectively. Mortality rates, clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions, excretion and duration of virus shedding in faecal and tracheal samples and seroconversion to H9N2 virus were assessed in the challenged groups. The highest mortality rate was observed in chickens inoculated with H9N2 followed by E. coli. The most severe clinical signs, gross lesions, mortality rate and virus detection were observed at day 6 post challenge (PC) in birds of group 2, while the duration of virus shedding was longer in group 3 (E. coli followed by H9N2) than other groups. In conclusion, E. coli infection prior to, after or concurrently with H9N2 virus infection could exacerbate the adverse effects of the virus. Our results indicate that E. coli and H9N2 together can mutually exacerbate the condition of either disease in broiler chicks as compared to single infected birds.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4086_efc33783db5638e020f69c347a30aa56.pdf
2017-06-01
86
91
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4086
Avian influenza virus
Escherichia coli
Exposure time
H9N2
Pathogenesis
N.
Mosleh
nmosleh@shirazu.ac.ir
1
Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
H.
Dadras
2
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
K.
Asasi
Asasi@shirazu.ac.ir
3
Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
M. J.
Taebipour
4
Graduated from School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
S. S.
Tohidifar
5
Graduated from School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Gh.
Farjanikish
6
Graduated from School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
AUTHOR
Alexander, DJ (2002). Report on avian influenza in the eastern hemisphere during 1997-2002. Avian Dis., 47: 792-797.
1
Azizpour, A; Goudarzi, H; Banani, M; Nouri, A; Momayez, M; Hablolvarid, MH; Abdoshah, M and Bijanzade, P (2013). Evaluation of clinical signs, gross lesions and antibody response in experimental of individual and co-infection of H9N2 avian influenza and Ornithbacterium rhinotracheale in SPF chickens. Eur. J. Exp. Biol., 3: 503-507.
2
Bano, S; Naeem, K and Malik, SA (2003). Evaluation of pathogenic potential of avian influenza virus serotype H9N2 in chickens. Avian Dis., 47: 817-822.
3
Barbour, EK; Mastori, FA; Abdel Nour, AM; Shaib, HA; Jaber, LS; Yaghi, RH; Sabra, A; Sleiman, FT; Sawaya, RK; Niedzwieck, A; Tayeb, IT; Kassaify, ZG; Rath, M; Harakeh, S and Barbour, KE (2009). Standardization of a new model of H9N2/E.coli challenge in broilers in the Lebanon. Vet. Ital., 45: 317-322.
4
Dobrindt, U (2005). (Patho-) Genomics of Escherichia coli. Int. J. Med. Microbiol., 295: 357-371.
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Ganapathy, K; Salamat, MH; Lee, CC and Johara, MY (2000). Concurrent occurrence of salmonellosis, coli-bacillosis and histomoniasis in a broiler flock fed with antibiotic-free commercial feed. Avian Pathol., 29: 639-642.
6
Gharaibeh, S (2008). Pathogenicity of an avian influenza virus serotype H9N2 in chickens. Avian Dis., 52: 106-110.
7
Ginns, CA; Browning, GF; Benham, ML and Whithear, KG (1998). Development and application of an aerosol challenge method for reproduction of avian colibacillosis. Avian Pathol., 27: 505-511.
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Goudarzi, H; Azizpour, A; Banani, M; Nouri, A; Charkhkar, S; Momayez, R; Hablolvarid, MH; Bijanzad, P; Mirzaei, GHR; Eshratabadi, F and Mahmoodzadeh, M (2014). Study on clinical signs and gross lesions due to individually and concurrent experimental infection of H9N2 avian influenza and Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in SPF chickens. J. Comp. Pathol., 10: 1077-1086.
9
Haghighat-Jahromi, M; Asasi, K; Nili, H; Dadras, H and Shooshtari, AH (2008). Coinfection of avian influenza virus (H9N2 subtype) with infectious bronchitis live vaccine. Arch. Virol., 153: 651-655.
10
Jiang, X; Zhang, M; Ding, Y; Yao, I; Chen, H; Zhu, D and Muramata, M (1998). Escherichia coli prlc gene encodes a trypsin-like proteinase regulating the cell cycle. J. Biochem., 124: 980-985.
11
Karimi-Madab, M; Ansari-Lari, M; Asasi, K and Nili, H (2010). Risk factors for detection of bronchial cast, most frequently seen in endemic H9N2 avian influenza infection in poultry flocks in Iran. Prev. Vet. Med., 95: 275-280.
12
Kato, M; Irisawa, T; Ohtani, M and Muramatu, M (1992). Purification and characterization of proteinase in a trypsin-like proteinase, in Escherichia coli. Eur. J. Biochem., 210: 1007-1014.
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Kishida, N; Eto, M; Sunaga, Y and Kida, H (2004). Enhancement of pathogenicity of H9N2 influenza A virus isolated from chicken in China by co-infection with Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus paragallinarum. Int. Congr. Ser., 1263: 481-485.
14
Lee, MS; Chang, PC; Shien, JH; Cheng, MC and Sheih, HK (2001). Identification and subtyping of avian influenza viruses by reverse transcription-PCR. J. Virol. Methods. 97: 13-22.
15
Lee, B; Robinson, KM; McHugh, KJ; Scheller, EV; Mandalapu, S; Chen, C; Di, YP; Clay, ME; Enelow, RI; Dubin, PJ and Alcorn, JF (2015). Influenza-induced type I interferon suppressed the immunity in mice. Am. J. Physiol. Lung. Cell. Mol. Physiol., 309: 158-167.
16
Mészáros, J and Stipkovits, L (1967a). Spread of Escherichia coli infection in poultry flocks infected with Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Acta Vet. Acad. Sci. Hung., 17: 161-167.
17
Mészáros, J and Stipkovits, L (1967b). Study of the development of Escherichia coli bacteremia in artificially infected chickens. Acta Vet. Acad. Sci. Hung., 17: 169-177.
18
Nakamura, K; Imada, Y and Maeda, M (1986). Lympho-cytic depletion of bursa of fibricius and thymus in chickens inoculated with Escherichia coli. Vet. Pathol., 23: 712-717.
19
Nili, H and Asasi, K (2003). Avian influenza (H9N2) outbreak in Iran. Avian Dis., 47: 828-831.
20
Pan, Q; Liu, A; Zhang, F; Ling, Y; Ou, C; Hou, N and He, C (2012). Co-infection of broiler with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and H9N2 avian influenza virus. BMC. Vet. Res., 8: 104-110.
21
Pedersen, JC (2008). Hemagglutination-inhibition test for avian influenza virus subtype identification and the detection and quantitation of serum antibodies to the avian influenza virus. Methods Mol. Biol., 436: 53-66.
22
Reed, LJ and Muench, H (1938). A simple method for estimating fifty percent endpoints. Am. J. Hyg., 27: 493-497.
23
Seifi, S; Asasi, K and Mohammadi, A (2012). An experimental study on broiler chicken co-infected with the specimens containing avian influenza (H9 subtype) and infectious bronchitis (4/91 strain) viruses. Iran. J. Vet. Res., 13: 138-142.
24
Śmietanka, K; Minta, Z; Świętoń, E; Olszewska, M; Jóźwiak, M; Domańska-Blicharz, K; Wyrostek, K; Tomczyk, G and Pikuła, A (2014). Avian influenza H9N2 subtype in Poland – characterization of the isolates and evidence of concomitant infections. Avian Pathol., 43: 427-436.
25
Stipkovits, L; Glavits, R; Palfi, V; Beres, A; Egyed, L; Denes, B; Somogyi, M and Szathmary, S (2012). Pathologic lesions caused by coinfection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and H3N8 low pathogenic avian influenza virus in chickens. Vet. Pathol., 49: 273-283.
26
Tajmanesh, S; Toroghi, R; Momayez, R and Pourbakhsh, SA (2006). Establishment of RT-PCR for detection of avian influenza virus (H9N2) in field cases compared to virus isolation method. Arch. Razi. Inst., 97: 111-116.
27
Tavakkoli, H; Asasi, K and Mohammadi, A (2009). Evidence that infectious bronchitis vaccine increases H9N2 avian influenza virus replication in broiler chicks. Online J. Vet. Res., 13: 37-47.
28
Umar, S; Younus, M; Rehmanb, MU; Aslam, A; Abdullah Shah, MA; Munir, MT; Hussain, S; Iqbald, F; Fiazd, M and Ullahe, S (2015). Role of aflatoxin toxicity on transmissibility and pathogenicity of H9N2 avian influenza virus in turkeys. Avian Pathol., 44: 305-310.
29
Vasfi-Marandi, M; Pazani, J; Ashrafi, H; Marjanmehr, SH and Ghods, F (2007). Evaluation of the pathogenicity of A/chicken/Iran/ZMT-173/99 (H9N2) strain of avian influenza virus in serologically Mycoplasma gallisepticum positive and negative broiler chickens. Iranian J. of Virol., 1: 20-27.
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Detection of specific antigens of Newcastle disease virus using an absorbed Western blotting method
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an economically important poultry pathogen with a worldwide distribution that may infect a wide range of domestic and wild avian species. The identification of different pathotypes of NDVs plays an important role in the diagnosis and development of vaccines to control and eradicate NDV infections. In our previous study, we showed that mono-specific antibodies can differentiate velogenic and lentogenic strains of NDV in Agar Gel Immuno-Diffusion tests. To evaluate the ability of the specific antibodies to detect NDV specific antigens, this study was conducted with a range of NDV isolates. The samples included 9 NDV neuropathogenic/velogenic isolates from diseased chickens collected from poultry farms in central and northern parts of Iran plus La-Sota and B1 vaccine strains. All samples were propagated in embryonated chicken eggs and concentrated and purified by ultra-centrifugation. All samples were subjected to 12.5% SDS-PAGE and Western blotting using the specific antibodies mentioned previously. In SDS-PAGE all velogenic and vaccine strains showed the same electrophoretic pattern. The detected bands included 15, 38, 46, 48, 53, 55, 68, 74 and 220 kDa proteins. In Western blotting analysis, the mono-specific antibodies reacted specifically to the viral proteins with 15, 38, 48, 55, 74 and 220 kDa and non-specifically to the viral protein with 53 kDa. The results suggest that specific anti-NDV antibodies can react specifically to glycoproteins (haemagglutin-neuraminidase and fusion proteins) but not to internal proteins (nucleoprotein or matrix protein) of NDV strains.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4087_667a17914253a91458ffd459394cda0b.pdf
2017-06-01
92
96
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4087
Newcastle disease virus
Specific antigens
Western blotting method
F.
Hemmatzadeh
1
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
AUTHOR
M.
Kazemimanesh
m_kazemimanesh@pasteur.ac.ir
2
School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; 2Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Afonso, CL; Miller, PJ; Grund, Ch and Koch, GBP (2012). Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals. 7th Edn., Vol. 1, World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), Paris, France. PP: 555-576.
1
Alexander, D (1988). Newcastle disease diagnosis. In: Newcastle disease. USA, Springer. PP: 147-160.
2
Alexander, D (2000). Newcastle disease and other avian paramyxoviruses. Rev. Sci. Tech., 19: 443-462.
3
Dortmans, J; Rottier, P; Koch, G and Peeters, B (2010). The viral replication complex is associated with the virulence of Newcastle disease virus. J. Virol., 84: 10113-10120.
4
Dufour-Zavala, L (2008). A laboratory manual for the isolation, identification, and characterization of avian pathogens. 4th Edn., AAAP. PP: 221-230.
5
Garcia, SC; Lopez, RN; Morales, R; Olvera, MA; Marquez, MA; Merino, R; Miller, PJ and Afonso, CL (2013). Molecular epidemiology of Newcastle disease in Mexico and the potential spillover of viruses from poultry into wild bird species. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 79: 4985-4992.
6
Gotoh, B; Ohnishi, Y; Inocencio, N; Esaki, E; Nakayama, K; Barr, P; Thomas, G and Nagai, Y (1992). Mammalian subtilisin-related proteinases in cleavage activation of the paramyxovirus fusion glycoprotein: superiority of furin/PACE to PC2 or PC1/PC3. J Virol., 66: 6391-6397.
7
Heiden, S; Grund, C; Röder, A; Granzow, H; Kühnel, D; Mettenleiter, TC and Römer-Oberdörfer, A (2014). Different regions of the Newcastle sisease virus fusion protein modulate pathogenicity. PLoS One. 9: e113344.
8
Hemmatzadeh, F and Alinejad, A (2003). A study on proteinal pattern of isolated NDV in Iran and comparison with live vaccine strains. Iran. J. Vet. Res., 58: 61-65.
9
Hemmatzadeh, F; Nayeri, B and Tofighi, E (2006). Antigenic differences in Newcastle disease viruses isolated in Iran. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 5: 408-410.
10
Hemmatzadeh, F; Nikbakht-Brojeni, G; Kateb, S; Mokhtari, F; Alinejad, A and Ghafari, M (2005). Designing of a specific immunoflurescence method for differentiation of velogenic and vaccinal strains of Newcastle disease virus. Iran. J. Vet. Res., 60: 393-399.
11
Hemmatzadeh, F and Sharifzadeh, A (2006). A specific dot-blot immunoassay for Newcastle disease serodiagnosis. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 5: 1079-1081.
12
Laemmli, UK (1970). Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 227: 680-685.
13
Maclachlan, NJ; Dubovi, EJ and Fenner, F (2010). Fenner’s veterinary virology. 4th Edn., Amsterdam, Boston, Elsevier Academic Press. PP: 264-266.
14
Mahy, BW and Kangro, HO (1996). Virology methods manual. 1st Edn., Vol. 32, UK, Academic Press London. PP: 71-90.
15
Nagai, Y; Klenk, HD and Rott, R (1976). Proteolytic cleavage of the viral glycoproteins and its significance for the virulence of Newcastle disease virus. Virology. 72: 494-508.
16
Ogasawara, T; Gotoh, B; Suzuki, H; Asaka, J; Shimokata, K; Rott, R and Nagai, Y (1992). Expression of factor X and its significance for the determination of paramyxovirus tropism in the chick embryo. EMBO J., 11: 467-472.
17
Panda, A; Huang, Z; Elankumaran, S; Rockemann, DD and Samal, SK (2004). Role of fusion protein cleavage site in the virulence of Newcastle disease virus. Microb. Pathog., 36: 1-10.
18
Römer-Oberdörfer, A; Werner, O; Veits, J; Mebatsion, T and Mettenleiter, TC (2003). Contribution of the length of the HN protein and the sequence of the F protein cleavage site to Newcastle disease virus pathogenicity. J. Gen. Virol., 84: 3121-3129.
19
Sambrook, J; Russell, DW and Russell, DW (2001). Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual (3-volume set).
20
Steward, M; Vipond, IB; Millar, NS and Emmerson, PT (1993). RNA editing in Newcastle disease virus. J. Gen. Virol., 74: 2539-2548.
21
Tseung, H; Lai, C; Lin, D; Lin, Y; Chen, C; Lian, W and Chen, W (1993). Purification of envelope glycoproteins of the Newcastle disease virus. J. Chin. Soi. Vet. Sci., 19: 11-18.
22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
VacA and cagA genotypes status and antimicrobial resistance properties of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from meat products in Isfahan province, Iran
Although Helicobacter pylori has a significant impact on the occurrence of severe clinical syndromes, its exact ways of transmission and origin have not been identified. According to the results of some previously published articles, foods with animal origins play a substantial role in the transmission of H. pylori to humans. The present investigation was carried out to study the vacuolating cytotoxin A (vacA) and cytotoxin associated gene A (cagA) genotypes status and antibiotic resistance properties of H. pylori strains recovered from minced-meat and hamburger samples. A total of 150 meat product samples were collected from supermarkets. All samples were cultured and the susceptive colonies were then subjected to nested-PCR, PCR-based genotyping and disk diffusion methods. 11 out of 150 samples (7.33%) were positive for H. pylori. All the isolates were further identified using the nested-PCR assay. Prevalence of H. pylori in hamburger and minced-meat samples was 1.42% and 12.5%, respectively. S1a, m1a and cagA were the most commonly detected genotypes. The most commonly detected combined genotypes in the H. pylori strains of minced-meat were s1am1a (10%), s1am1b (10%) and s2m1a (10%). Helicobacter pylori strains of meat products harbored the highest levels of resistance against ampicillin (90.90%), erythromycin (72.72%), amoxicillin (72.72%), trimethoprim (63.63%), tetracycline (63.63%), and clarithromycin (63.63%). Hamburger and minced-meat samples may be the sources of virulent and resistant strains of H. pylori. Meat products are possible sources of resistant and virulent strains of H. pylori similar to those vacA and cagA genotypes. Using healthy raw materials and observation of personal hygiene can reduce the risk of H. pylori in meat products.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4088_e5f6c2166ba2e03f48af7b7bdbf31984.pdf
2017-06-01
97
102
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4088
Antibiotic resistance pattern
cagA
Helicobacter pylori
Meat products
vacA
A.
Gilani
1
Ph.D. Student, Department of Food Hygiene, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
V.
Razavilar
vrazavi@ut.ac.ir
2
Department of Food Hygiene, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
N.
Rokni
3
Department of Food Hygiene, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
E.
Rahimi
ebrahimrahimi55@yahoo.com
4
Department of Food Hygiene, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
AUTHOR
Alikhani, MY; Arebestani, MR; Khorasani, MS; Majlesi, A and Jaefari, M (2014). Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori vacA and cagA genotypes and correlation with clinical outcome in patients with dyspepsia in Hamadan province, Iran. Iran. Red. Crescent. Med. J., 16: e19173.
1
Angelidis, AS; Tirodimos, I; Bobos, M; Kalamaki, MS; Papageorgiou, DK and Arvanitidou, M (2011). Detection of Helicobacter pylori in raw bovine milk by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Int. J. Food. Microbiol., 151: 252-256.
2
Atapoor, S; Dehkordi, FS and Rahimi, E (2014). Detection of Helicobacter pylori in various types of vegetables and salads. Jundishapur. J. Microbiol., 7: e10013.
3
Brown, LM (2000). Helicobacter pylori: epidemiology and routes of transmission. Epidemiol. Rev., 22: 283-297.
4
Chomvarin, C; Namwat, W; Chaicumpar, K; Mairiang, P; Sangchan, A; Sripa, B; Tor-Udom, S and Vilaichone, RK (2008). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori vacA, cagA, cagE, iceA and babA2 genotypes in Thai dyspeptic patients. Int. J. Infect. Dis., 12: 30-36.
5
De Francesco, V; Giorgio, F; Hassan, C; Manes, G; Vannella, L; Panella, C; Ierardi, E and Zullo, A (2010). Worldwide H. pylori antibiotic resistance: a systematic. J. Gastrointestin. Liver Dis., 19: 409-414.
6
Dore, MP; Sepulveda, AR; El-Zimaity, H; Yamaoka, Y; Osato, MS; Mototsugu, K; Nieddu, AM; Realdi, G and Graham, DY (2001). Isolation of Helicobacter pylori from sheep—implications for transmission to humans. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 96: 1396-1401.
7
Dunn, BE; Cohen, H and Blaser, MJ (1997). Helicobacter pylori. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 10: 720-741.
8
Ghorbani, F; Gheisari, E and Safarpoor Dehkordi, F (2016). Genotyping of vacA alleles of Helicobacter pylori strains recovered from some Iranian food items. Trop. J. Pharm. Res., 15: 1631-1636.
9
Havaei, SA; Mohajeri, P; Khashei, R; Salehi, R and Tavakoli, H (2014). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori vacA different genotypes in Isfahan, Iran. Adv. Biomed. Res., 3: 48.
10
Hemmatinezhad, B; Momtaz, H and Rahimi, E (2016). VacA, cagA, iceA and oipA genotypes status and anti-microbial resistance properties of Helicobacter pylori isolated from various types of ready to eat foods. Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob., 15: 2.
11
Herrera, AG (2004). Helicobacter pylori and food products: a public health problem. Methods Mol. Biol., 268: 297-301.
12
Kusters, JG; van Vliet, AH and Kuipers, EJ (2006). Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 19: 449-490.
13
Mansour, KB; Fendri, C; Zribi, M; Masmoudi, A; Labbene, M; Fillali, A; Mami, NB; Najjar, T; Meherzi, A and Sfar, T (2010). Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori vacA, cagA, iceA and oipA genotypes in Tunisian patients. Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob., 9: 10.
14
Mhaskar, RS; Ricardo, I; Azliyati, A; Laxminarayan, R; Amol, B; Santosh, W and Boo, K (2013). Assessment of risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease. J. Glob. Infect. Dis., 5: 60-67.
15
Miftahussurur, M; Sharma, RP; Shrestha, PK; Suzuki, R; Uchida, T and Yamaoka, Y (2015). Molecular epidemio-logy of Helicobacter pylori infection in Nepal: specific ancestor root. Plos. One. 10: e0134216.
16
Momtaz, H; Dabiri, H; Souod, N and Gholami, M (2014). Study of Helicobacter pylori genotype status in cows, sheep, goats and human beings. BMC. Gastroenterol., 14: 61.
17
Momtaz, H; Souod, N; Dabiri, H and Sarshar, M (2012). Study of Helicobacter pylori genotype status in saliva, dental plaques, stool and gastric biopsy samples. World J. Gastroenterol., 18: 2105-2111.
18
Mousavi, S; Dehkordi, FS and Rahimi, E (2014). Virulence factors and antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori isolated from raw milk and unpasteurized dairy products in Iran. J. Venom. Anim. Toxins. Incl. Trop. Dis., 20: 51.
19
Nagiyev, T; Yula, E; Abayli, B and Koksal, F (2009). Prevalence and genotypes of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy specimens from patients with gastroduodenal pathologies in the Cukurova region of Turkey. J. Clin. Microbiol., 47: 4150-4153.
20
Pereira, PM and Vicente, AF (2013). Meat nutritional composition and nutritive role in the human diet. Meat Sci., 93: 586-592.
21
Quaglia, N; Dambrosio, A; Normanno, G; Parisi, A; Patrono, R; Ranieri, G; Rella, A and Celano, G (2008). High occurrence of Helicobacter pylori in raw goat, sheep and cow milk inferred by glmM gene: a risk of food-borne infection? Int. J. Food. Microbiol., 124: 43-47.
22
Rahimi, E and Kheirabadi, EK (2012). Detection of Helicobacter pylori in bovine, buffalo, camel, ovine, and caprine milk in Iran. Foodborne. Pathog. Dis., 9: 453-456.
23
Saeidi, E and Sheikhshahrokh, A (2016). VacA genotype status of Helicobacter pylori isolated from foods with animal origin. Biomed. Res. Int., 2016: 1-6.
24
Talebi Bezmin Abadi, A; Mobarez, AM; Taghvaei, T and Wolfram, L (2010). Antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Mazandaran, north of Iran. Helicobacter. 15: 505-509.
25
Valsta, L; Tapanainen, H and Männistö, S (2005). Meat fats in nutrition. Meat Sci., 70: 525-530.
26
Van Duynhoven, YT and Jonge, RD (2001). Transmission of Helicobacter pylori: a role for food? Bull. World Health Org., 79: 455-460.
27
Van Leerdam, M and Tytgat, G (2002). Helicobacter pylori infection in peptic ulcer haemorrhage. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 16(s1): 66-78.
28
Wayne, P (2012). Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Performance standards for antimicrobial suscep-tibility testing. Twenty-second informational supplement M100-S21. United States.
29
Webberley, MJ; Webberley, JM; Newell, DG; Lowe, P and Melikian, V (1993). Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection in vegans and meat-eaters. Epidemiol. Infect., 108: 457-462.
30
Yahaghi, E; Khamesipour, F; Mashayekhi, F; Safarpoor Dehkordi, F; Sakhaei, MH; Masoudimanesh, M and Khameneie, MK (2014). Helicobacter pylori in vegetables and salads: genotyping and antimicrobial resistance properties. Biomed. Res. Int., Article ID 75794.
31
Yamada, R; Yamaguchi, A and Shibasaki, K (2008). Detection and analysis of Helicobacter pylori DNA in the gastric juice, saliva, and urine by nested PCR. Oral. Sci. Int., 5: 24-34.
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficacy of thermostable I-2 Newcastle disease vaccine compared to B1 commercial vaccine in broiler chicken
Frequent vaccination failures have occurred in the broiler farms in Eurasian countries during Newcastle disease outbreaks. The disease is enzootic in many countries of the region, especially in southwest Asia. I-2 vaccine has been used successfully in village chickens in many Asian and African countries. Our preliminary study showed good efficacy of the vaccine in broiler chickens. Therefore the current experimental study was conducted to compare viral shedding period of heat resistance I-2 vaccine with B1 commercial vaccine following challenge with Herts’33. For this purpose three hundred commercial broilers were randomly allocated into four groups; 1) Thermostable I-2 vaccine, 2) Hitchner B1 vaccine, 3) Challenge group with no vaccine, and 4) Negative control group. Experimental chicks were vaccinated on days 19 and 26 by the eye drop route and then the birds were challenged via intra ocular route on day 40 with a suspension containing 106 EID50/ml challenge virus. Experimental chickens were monitored by collecting buccal and cloacal swabs at different times. Collected swabs were submitted to PCR test. The results showed that vaccination can protect the birds against mortality and also decrease virus shedding; also there was not a significant difference between vaccination with I-2 and B1 vaccines.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4089_900713a6a733793012e78a475c16e25f.pdf
2017-06-01
103
107
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4089
Broiler chicken
Hitchner B1 vaccine
Newcastle disease
Thermostable I-2 vaccine
Virus Shedding
A. H.
Asl Najjari
1
Resident of Diseases of Poultry, Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
H.
Nili
hassanili@yahoo.com
2
Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; 3Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
K.
Asasi
Asasi@shirazu.ac.ir
3
Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
N.
Mosleh
4
Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
H.
Rohollahzadeh
5
Resident of Diseases of Poultry, Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
S.
Mokhayeri
6
Resident of Diseases of Poultry, Avian Diseases Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Alexander, DJ (2000). Newcastle disease and other avian paramyxoviruses. Rev. Sci. Tech. Oie., 19: 443-455.
1
Alexander, DJ; Bell, JG and Alders, RG (2004). A technology review: Newcastle disease, with special emphasis on its effect on village chickens (No. 161). Food & Agriculture Org.
2
Alexander, DJ and Senne, D (2008). Newcastle disease and other avian paramyxoviruses. In: Dufour-Zavala, L (Ed.), A laboratory manual for the isolation, identification and characterization of avian pathogens. (5th Edn.), Athens, GA, American Association of Avian Pathologists. PP: 135-141.
3
Degefa, T; Dadi, L; Yami, A and Nassir, M (2004). Technical and economic evaluation of different methods of Newcastle disease vaccine administration. J. Vet. Med. A., 51: 365-369.
4
Fentie, T; Dadi, K; Kassa, T; Sahle, M and Cattoli, G (2014). Effect of vaccination on transmission characte-ristics of highly virulent Newcastle disease virus in experimentally infected chickens. Avian Pathol., 43: 420-426.
5
Firouzi, S; Nili, H; Asasi, K; Nazifi, S; Mosleh, N; Habibi, H and Mohammadi, M (2014). Acute phase responses in commercial broiler chickens experimentally infected with a highly virulent Newcastle disease virus strain. OJVR., 18: 495-502.
6
Habibi, H; Nili, H; Asasi, K; Mosleh, N; Firouzi, S and Mohammadi, M (2015). Efficacy and transmissibility of Newcastle disease I-2 vaccine strain against a field isolate of virulent Nd virus (Jf820294.1) in village chicken. Trop. Anim. Health Pro., 47: 73-78.
7
Kant, A; Koch, G; Van Roozelaar, D; Balk, F and Huurne, AT (1997). Differentiation of virulent and non-virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus within 24 hours by polymerase chain reaction. Avian Pathol., 26: 837-849.
8
Kapczynski, DR and King, DJ (2005). Protection of chickens against overt clinical disease and determination of viral shedding following vaccination with commercially available Newcastle disease virus vaccines upon challenge with highly virulent virus from the California 2002 exotic Newcastle disease outbreak. Vaccine. 23: 3424-3433.
9
Mayo, M (2002). A summary of taxonomic changes recently approved by Ictv. Arch. Virol., 147: 1655-1656.
10
Miller, PJ; Estevez, C; Yu, Q; Suarez, DL and King, DJ (2009). Comparison of viral shedding following vacci-nation with inactivated and live Newcastle disease vaccines formulated with wild-type and recombinant viruses. Avian Dis., 53: 39-49.
11
Nasser, M; Lohr, J; Mebratu, G; Zessin, KH; Baumann, M and Ademe, Z (2000). Oral Newcastle disease vaccination trials in ethiopia. Avian Pathol., 29: 27-34.
12
Van Boven, M; Bouma, A; Fabri, TH; Katsma, E; Hartog, L and Koch, G (2008). Herd immunity to Newcastle disease virus in poultry by vaccination. Avian Pathol., 37: 1-5.
13
Villegas, P and Purchase, HG (1998). Titration of biological suspensions. In: Swayne, DE; Glisson, JR; Jackwood, MW; Pearson, JE and Reed, WM (Eds.), A laboratory manual for the isolation and identification of avian pathogens. (4th Edn.), Kennett Square, PA, American Association of Avian Pathologists. PP: 248-253.
14
Wambura, P (2009). Oral vaccination of chickens against Newcastle disease with I-2 vaccine coated on oiled rice. Trop. Anim. Health Pro., 41: 205-208.
15
Young, M; Alders, R; Grimes, S; Spradbrow, PB; Dias, P; da Silva, A and Lobo, Q (2002). Controlling Newcastle disease in village chickens: A laboratory manual. ACIAR Monographs No. 87. PP: 52-85.
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of intra-cerebroventricular injection of insulin on nociception of formalin test in non-diabetic and short-term diabetic rat models
Pain is a complex process in the central nervous system (CNS). Several factors can alter the pain threshold and insulin is one of them which is produced by the beta cells of pancreas and capable of crossing blood-brain barrier. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of intra-cerebroventricular (ICV) injection of insulin on the pain response to formalin in short-term induced diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Sixty-four Sprague-Dawley male rats (280 ± 30 g) were divided into non-diabetic and diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg, i.p) for elimination of peripheral insulin. After proving diabetes, insulin (5 mU/animal, 5 μL) was injected to the left lateral cerebral ventricle while equal volume of normal saline was injected in control groups. After 10 min, formalin test was performed. Present study showed that ICV injection of insulin possessed anti-nociceptive effect in non-diabetic rats in formalin test while in diabetic rats, it did not have this effect and even decreased pain threshold partially. In conclusion we showed that ICV injection of insulin in non-diabetic rats, in contrast with diabetic rats, has an anti-nociceptive effect in formalin test. In short-term diabetic rats, ICV injection of insulin was not able to reduce pain response and partially decreased pain threshold.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4094_a392c57adc3f2a29825178e9c8c1b5de.pdf
2017-06-01
108
112
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4094
Formalin test
Insulin
pain
Short-term diabetes
Sh.
Balali Dehkordi
1
Ph.D. Student in Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
J.
Sajedianfard
sajedian@shirazu.ac.ir
2
Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A. A.
Owji
3
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Akunne, HC and Soliman, KF (1987). The role of opioid receptors in diabetes and hyperglycemia-induced changes in pain threshold in the rat. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 93: 167-172.
1
Anuradha, K; Hota, D and Pandhi, P (2004). Possible mechanisms of insulin antinociception. Methods Find Exp. Clin. Pharmacol., 26: 5-8.
2
Banks, WA; Owen, JB and Erickson, MA (2012). Insulin in the brain: there and back again. Pharmacol. Ther., 136: 82-93.
3
Blazquez, E; Velazquez, E; Hurtado-Carneiro, V and Ruiz-Albusac, JM (2014). Insulin in the brain: its patho-physiological implications for states related with central insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. Front Endocrinol. (Lausanne), 5: 161-182.
4
Courteix, C; Bardin, M; Chantelauze, C; Lavarenne, J and Eschalier, A (1994). Study of the sensitivity of the diabetes -induced pain model in rats to a range of analgesics. Pain. 57: 153-160.
5
Courteix, C; Eschalier, Aand Lavarenne, J (1993). Streptozocin-induced diabetic rats: behavioural evidence for a model of chronic pain. Pain. 53: 81-88.
6
Deeds, MC; Anderson, JM; Armstrong, AS; Gastineau, DA; Hiddinga, HJ; Jahangir, A; Eberhardt, NL and Kudva, YC (2011). Single dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes: considerations for study design in islet trans-plantation models. Lab Anim., 45: 131-140.
7
Duarte, AI; Moreira, PI and Oliveira, CR (2012). Insulin in central nervous system: more than just a peripheral hormone. J. Aging Res., 384017: 1-21.
8
Dubbuisson, D and Dennis, SG (1977). The formalin test: a quantative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats. Pain. 4: 161-174.
9
Gerozissis, K (2003). Brain insulin: regulation, mechanisms of action and functions. Cell Mol. Neurobiol., 23: 1-25.
10
Gheibi, N; Rasolpor, H; Rajaei, F and Jahani Hashemi, H (2009). Effect of oral consumption of magnesium on glucose concentration and formalin test in diabetic rats. Armaghane-Danesh. 12: 50-60.
11
Gomar, AHA; Mirazi, N and Gomar, M (2014). Anti-nociceptive effect of Brassica juncea on peripheral neuropathy induced by diabetes in rat. AMUJ. 17: 63-70.
12
Gordon, AE and Meldrum, BS (1970). Effect of insulin on brain 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxy-indole-acetic acid of rat. Biochem. Pharmacol., 19: 3042-3044.
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Guneli, E; Gumustekin, M and Ates, M (2010). Possible involvement of ghrelin on pain threshold in obesity. Med. Hypotheses. 74: 452-454.
14
Gupta, G; Azam, M and Baquer, NZ (1992). Effect of experimental diabetes on the catecholamine metabolism in rat brain. J. Neurochem., 58: 95-100.
15
Ibironke, GS; Saba, OJ and Olopade, FO (2004). Glycemic control and pain threshold in nalloxan diabetic rats. Afr. J. Biomed. Res., 7: 149-151.
16
Inase, M; Nakahama, H; Otsuki, T and Fang, JZ (1987). Analgesic effects of serotonin microinjection into nucleus raphe magnus and nucleus raphe dorsalis evaluated by the monosodium urate (MSU) tonic pain model in the rat. Brain Res., 426: 205-211.
17
Iversen, LL; Iversen, SD and Snyder, SH (1977). Drugs, neurotransmitters and behavior. In: Handbook of psychopharmacology. Plenum, New York.
18
Kolta, MG; Soliman, KF and Williams, BB (1986). Role of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the regulation of brain neuro-peptides in normal and diabetic rat. Horm Res., 23: 112-121.
19
Laron, Z (2009). Insulin and the brain. Arch. Physiol. Biochem., 115: 112-116.
20
Lee, JH; Cox, DJ; Mook, DG and McCarty, RC (1990). Effect of hyperglycemia on pain threshold in alloxan-diabetic rats. Pain. 40: 105-107.
21
Milan, M and Herz, A (1985). The endocrinology of opioids. Int. Rev. Neurobiol., 26: 1-83.
22
Millan, MJ (2002). Descending control of pain. Prog. Neurobiol., 66: 355-474.
23
Ohkubo, Y; Nomura, K and Yamaguchi, I (1991). Involvement of dopamine in the mechanism of action of FR64822, a novel non-opioid antinociceptive compound. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 204: 121-125.
24
Paxinos, G and Watson, C (1977). The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates. 5th Edn., San Diego, Academic Press. P: 80.
25
Plum, L; Schubert, M and Bruning, JC (2005). The role of insulin receptor signaling in the brain. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 16: 59-65.
26
Raz, I; Hasdai, D; Seltzer, Z and Melmed, RN (1988). Effect of hyperglycemia on pain perception and on efficacy of morphine analgesia in rats. Diabetes. 37: 1253-1259.
27
Rutledge, LP; Ngong, JM; Kuperberg, JM; Samaan, SS; Soliman, KF and Kolta, MG (2002). Dopaminergic system modulation of nociceptive response in long-term diabetic rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 74: 1-9.
28
Schulingkam, RP; Pagano, TC; Hung, D and Raffa, RB (2000). Insulin receptors and insulin action in the brain: review and clinical implications. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 24: 855-872.
29
Sewell, RS and Spencer, PS (1977). The role of biogenic amines in the actions of centrally-acting analgesics. Prog. Med. Chem., 14: 249-283.
30
Silva, L (2010). Central effects of insulin and IGF1 in diabetic neuropathy. MSc Thesis, School of Biologic Sciences, University of Aveiro. PP: 25-30.
31
Taber, RI and Latranyi, MB (1981). Antagonism of the analgesic effect of opioid and non-opioid agents by p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA). Eur. J. Pharmacol., 75: 215-222.
32
Takeshita, N and Yamaguchi, I (1997). Insulin attenuates formalin-induced nociceptive response in mice through a mechanism that is deranged by diabetes mellitus. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 281: 315-321.
33
Zhao, WQ and Alkon, DC (2001). Roles of the brain insulin receptor in spatial learning. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 177: 125-134.
34
Zhao, WQ; Dou, JT; Liu, QW and Alkon, DC (2002). Evidence for locally produced insulin in the adult rat brain as a neuroactive peptide. 32nd SFN Meeting. Orlando, FL.
35
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Transfection of bovine spermatogonial stem cells in vitro
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are the only stem cells in adults that can transfer genetic information to the future generations. Considering the fact that a single SSC gives rise to a vast number of spermatozoa, genetic manipulation of these cells is a potential novel technology with feasible application to various animal species. The aim of this study was to evaluate enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene transfection into bovine SSCs via liposome carrier and assess the best incubation day in uptake exogenous gene by SSCs. Transfection efficiency of EGFP gene with lipofectamine 2000 was determined in days following each three day of transfection (day 4, 6 and 8 of the culture) by fluorescent microscope. Results showed that the transfected cells through lipofection increased significantly (P<0.05) in each three days of transfection in comparison with those of the control groups. The transfected SSCs were higher in comparison with those of the free exogenous gene carrier groups (P<0.05). In comparison with these three days, the rate of infected cells was higher when transfection proceeds at day four. It was concluded that lipofectamine can be used safely for direct loading exogenous DNA to SSCs particularly during the fourth day of culture.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4095_209a0c25c3fc069a9eb91415d912dc32.pdf
2017-06-01
113
118
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4095
EGFP
Lipofection
Spermatogonial stem cells
P.
Tajik
ptajik@ut.ac.ir
1
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kh.
Hoseini Pajooh
2
Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Z.
Fazle Elahi
3
Post-Graduates, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
G.
Javdani Shahedin
4
Post-Graduates, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
H.
Ghasemzadeh-Nava
5
Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Anway, MD; Folmer, J and Wright, WW (2003). Isolation of sertoli cells from adult rat testes: an approach to ex vivo studies of sertoli cell function. Biol. Reprod., 68: 996-1002.
1
Bellue, AR; Caricchia, JC; Millette, CF; O’Brien, DA; Bhatnagar, YM and Dym, M (1977). Spermatogonic cells of the prepubertal mouse. Isolation and characterization. J. Cell. Biol., 74: 1-9.
2
Brinster, RL and Avarbock, MR (1994). Germline trans-mission of donor haplotype following spermatogonial transplantation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 91: 11303-11307.
3
Dirami, G; Ravindranath, N; Pursel, V and Dym, M (1999). Effects of stem cell factor and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor on survival of porcine type A spermatogonia culture in KSOM. Biol. Reprod., 61: 225-230.
4
Felgner, PL; Gadek, TR; Holm, M and Roman, R (1987). Lipofection: a highly efficient, lipid-mediated DNA-transfection procedure. Proc. Natl. Sci., 84: 7413-7417.
5
Garrett, FE; Goel, SH; Yasul, J and Koch, RA (1999). Liposome fuse with sperm cells and induce activation by delivery of important agents. BBA. 1417: 77-88.
6
Izadyar, F; Creemers, LB and Van Dissel-Emiliani, FM (2000). Spermatogonial stem cell transplantation. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 169: 21-26.
7
Izadyar, F; Sepierenberg, GT; Creemers, LB; Ouden, K and Rooij, DG (2002). Isolation and purification of type Aspermatogonia from the bovine testis. Reproduction. 124: 85-94.
8
Kubota, H and Brinster, RL (2008). Culture of rodent spermatogonial stem cells, male germline stem cells of the postnatal animal. Methods Cell Biol., 86: 59-84.
9
Lai, Y; Drobinskaya, I and Chuguang, L (2008). Genetic modification of cells for transplantation. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 60: 146-159.
10
Nagona, M; Clayton, J; Kley, E and Mary, R (2001). Transgenic mice produced by retroviral transduction of male germ-line stem cells. PNAS., 98: 13090-13095.
11
Niu, Y and Liang, SH (2008). Progress in gene transfer by germ cells in mammals. J. Genet. Genomics. 35: 701-714.
12
Ogachi, S; Kamihira, M; You, J; Tachibana, A and Lijima, Sh (1998). Exogene gene transfection into quail embryo using cationic lipid vesicles. J. Ferment. Bioeng., 86: 118-120.
13
Sciamanna, I (2002). DNA dose and sequence dependence in sperm-mediated gene transfer. Mol. Reprod. Dev., 56: 301-305.
14
Whitelaw, CB and Lilico, SG (2008). Production of transgenic farm animals by viral vector-mediated gene transfer. Reprod. Domest. Anim., (Suppl. 43), 2: 355-389.
15
Xiang-Yang, M (2011). Production of transgenic animals using spermatogonial stem cells. Agri. Sci. in China. 10: 762-768.
16
Younezawa, T; Furahata, Y; Hirabayashi, K; Suzuki, M and Yamanouchi, K (2002). Protamine-derived synthetic enhanced the efficiency of sperm-mediated gene transfer using liposome-peptid-DNA complex. J. Reprod. Dev., 48: 281-286.
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Clinical studies on progressive retinal atrophy in 31 dogs
During a 2-year period, 31 cases of a hereditary retinal degeneration in dogs bred in India were found mainly suspected for progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) with typical history of initial nyctalopia followed by hemeralopia. Out of 31 PRA suspected dogs, 8 dogs (26%) were from the age group of 1-5 years, 15 (48%) 6-10 years and the rest (26%) 11-15 years. The most predominant breed was Spitz (18 dogs, 58%). Detailed ophthalmologic examinations included Schirmer’s tear test, fluorescein stain, applanation tonometry, slit lamp biomicroscopy and ocular ultrasound in appropriate cases. Ophthalmoscopic and fundoscopic changes included hyperreflectivity and discoloration of the tapetal area, marked attenuation of retinal vessels, depigmentation in non-tapetal area and optic disc atrophy with scalloped borders. Electroretinograms (ERG) recorded in 13 PRA-affected cases revealed non-recordable extinguished (flatline) ERG responses. A reduction mainly of a- and b-wave amplitudes in the ERG indicated a generalized photoreceptor disease.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4096_867c7031859b1c4cfbc144adc52b332a.pdf
2017-06-01
119
123
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4096
dog
Electroretinography
Funduscopy
Progressive retinal atrophy
D. N.
Kelawala
1
Ph.D. Scholar in Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat-388001, India
AUTHOR
D. B.
Patil
db1608@gmail.com
2
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat-388001, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
P. V.
Parikh
3
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat-388001, India
AUTHOR
M. J.
Sheth
4
Consultant Vitreoretinal Surgeon, Govind Eye Clinic, Vadodara, India
AUTHOR
C. G.
Joshi
5
Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat-388001, India
AUTHOR
B.
Reddy
6
Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat-388001, India
AUTHOR
Bedford, P (2006). Hereditary retinal diseases. World Con-gress WSAVA/FECAVA/CSAVA. PP: 609-610.
1
Clements, PJM; Sargan, DR; Gould, DJ and Petersen-Jones, SM (1996). Recent advances in understanding the spectrum of canine generalised progressive retinal atrophy. J. Small Ani. Prac., 37: 155-162.
2
Cooper, AE; Ahonen, S; Rowlan, JS; Duncan, A; Seppala, EH; Vanhapelto, P; Lohi, H and Komaromy, AM (2014). A novel form of progressive retinal atrophy in Swedish Vallhund dogs. PLoS One. 9: 1-10.
3
Downs, LM; Wallin-Hakansson, B; Boursnell, M; Marklund, S; Hedhammar, Å; Truvé, K; Hübinette, L; Lindblad-Toh, K; Bergström, T and Mellersh, CS (2011). A frameshift mutation in golden retriever dogs with progressive retinal atrophy endorses SLC4A3 as a candidate gene for human retinal degenerations. PLoS One. 6: e21452.
4
Gomes, D; Otsuki, DA; Lisaki, R; Angélica De Mendonçaand Safatle, V (2013). Generalized progressive retinal atrophy in Cocker Spaniel dogs. Cienc. Rural. 43: 1405-1414.
5
Haim, M; Holm, NV and Rosenberg, T (1992). Prevalence of retinitis pigmentosa and allied disorders in Denmark. I Main results. Acta Ophthalmol., 70: 178-186.
6
Jeong, MB; Shin, AP; Kim, SE; Park, YW; Narfström, K and Seo, K (2013). Clinical and electroretinographic findings of progressive retinal atrophy in miniature Schnauzer dogs of South Korea. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 75: 1303-1308.
7
Kelawala, DN (2014). Studies on electroretinography using RETIport ERG system in canines. M.V.Sc. thesis sub-mitted to AnandAgriculturalUniversity, Anand, Gujarat-388110, India. P: 68.
8
Maggs, DJ (2013). Basic diagnostic techniques. In: Maggs, DJ; Miller, P and Ofri, R (Eds.), Slatter’s fundamentals of veterinary ophthalmology. (5th Edn.), Philadelphia, Saunders. PP: 1-12.
9
Millichamp, J (1990). Retinal degeneration in the dog and cat. Vet. Clinics North America: Small Ani. Prac., 20: 799-835.
10
Miyadera, K; Acland, GM and Aguirre, GD (2012a). Genetic and phenotypic variations of inherited retinal diseases in dogs: the power of within- and across-breed studies. Mamm. Genome. 23: 40-61.
11
Miyadera, K; Kato, K; Boursnell, M; Mellersh, CS and Sargan, DR (2012b). Genome-wide association study in RPGRIP-/-dogs identifies a modifier locus that determines the onset of retinal degeneration. Mamm. Genome. 23: 212-223.
12
Narfström, K; Ekesten, B; Rosolen, SG; Spiess, BM; Percicot, CL and Ofri, R (2002). Guidelines for clinical electroretinography in the dog. Doc. Ophthalmol., 105: 83-92.
13
Narfstrom, K; Galle, L; Dubielzig, R and Katz, M (2006). Screening for late on-set progressive retinal atrophy in the English springer spaniel dog using a portable ERG unit and an automated protocol. International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV), 44th Annual Sym-posium, Fontevraud Abbey, France, Abstract S2-20, June, 2006.
14
Narfstrom, K and Petersen-Jones, S (2013). Diseases of the canine ocular fundus. In: Gelatt, KN; Gilger, BC and Kern, TJ (Eds.), Veterinary ophthalmology. (5th Edn.), Ames, Wiley-Blackwell. PP: 1303-1392.
15
Petersen-Jones, SM (1998). A review of research to elucidate the causes of the generalized progressive retinal atrophies. Vet. J., 155: 5-18.
16
Reddy, B; Kelawala, DN; Shah, T; Patel, AB; Patil, DB; Parikh, PV; Patel, N; Parmar, N; Mohapatra, AB; Singh, KM; Menon, R; Pandya, D; Jakhesara, SJ; Koringa, PG; Rao, MV and JOSHI, CG (2015).Identification of putative SNPs in progressive retinal atrophy affected Canis lupus familiaris using exome sequencing. Mamm. Genome. 26: 638-649. Svensson, M; Olsen, L; Winkler, PA; Petersen-Jones, SM; Bergstrom, T; Garncarz, Y and Narfstrom, K (2015). Progressive retinal atrophy in the Polski Owczarek Nizinny dog: a clinical and genetic study. Vet. Ophthalmol., 19: 195-205.
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
p-cresol and oleic acid as reliable biomarkers of estrus: evidence from synchronized Murrah buffaloes
Successful reproductive management in buffaloes depends on effective estrus detection. Urinary pheromones identified from natural estrous cycle have been reported to decipher estrus phase. However, its presence has not been analyzed in the urine after synchronization. Thus, our present investigation was to investigate the influence of synchronized estrus urine in bulls and to examine the presence of estrus-specific compounds ascertained in natural estrus in synchronized buffaloes. Mid-stream urine was collected from six synchronized buffaloes during various phases of estrous cycle and volatiles were examined using GC-MS. Sexual provocation in bulls was established by displaying persistent flehmen and frequent mounting towards estrus urine from synchronized animals. Totally forty-two volatile compounds were identified from three phases of estrous cycle, more specifically 4-methyl phenol (p-cresol) and 9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid) in estrus urine of synchronized animal as similar to natural estrus. Hence, these chemical cues in buffalo urine might be employed as potential marker candidates for the development of an estrus detection aid.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4097_a0658615423f4a8093382e98852aed25.pdf
2017-06-01
124
127
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4097
CIDR
Flehmen
Mating
4-methyl phenol
9-octadecenoic acid
S.
Muniasamy
1
Centre for Pheromone Technology, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, India; Department of Microbiology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College, Srivilliiputhur, Sivakasi-626 123, India
AUTHOR
R.
Muthu Selvam
2
Centre for Pheromone Technology, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, India
AUTHOR
S.
Rajanarayanan
3
Centre for Pheromone Technology, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, India; Department of Biotechnology, St. Michael College of Engineering and Technology, Kalayarkovil-630 551, India
AUTHOR
V.
Ramesh Saravanakumar
4
Department of Livestock Production and Management, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal-600 051, India
AUTHOR
G.
Archunan
garchu56@yahoo.co.in
5
Centre for Pheromone Technology, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
Archunan, G (2009). Vertebrate pheromones and their bio-logical importance. J. Exp. Zoo., 12: 239-241.
1
Archunan, G; Rajanarayanan, S and Karthikeyan, K (2014). Cattle pheromones. In: Mucignat-Caretta, C (Ed.), Neurobiology of chemical communication. Chapter 16, Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. PP: 461-488.
2
Brennan, PA and Keverne, EB (2004). Something in the air? New insights into mammalian pheromones. Curr. Biol., 14: 81-89.
3
De Rensis, F and López-Gatius, F (2007). Protocols for synchronizing estrus and ovulation in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): a review. Theriogenology. 6: 209-216.
4
Garcia, MC; McDonell, SM; Kenny, RM and Osborne, HG (1986). Bull behavior tests: stimulus cow affects per-formance. Appl. Ani. Behav. Sci., 16: 1-10.
5
Halpin, ZT (1986). Individual odour among mammals origin and functions. Adv. Stu. Behav., 16: 39-70.
6
Masaki, J and Otha, M (1990). Mating behavior of a bull for estrus synchronized cows and a possible involvement of pheromonal factors. In: Sagara, Y and Seto, K (Eds.), Pheromones and reproduction. Carnforth, UK, The Parthenon Publishing Group Limited. PP: 63-75.
7
Morris, JA; Khettry, A and Seitz, EW (1979). Antimicrobial activity of aroma chemicals and essential oils. J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc., 56: 595-603.
8
Mozuraitis, R; Buda, V and Borg-Karlson, AK (2010). Optimization of solid phase micro-extraction sampling for analysis of volatile compounds emitted from estrous urine of mares. Z. Naturforsch C., 65: 127-133.
9
Perera, BMAO (2011). Reproductive cycles of buffaloes. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 124: 94-99.
10
Rajanarayanan, S and Archunan, G (2004). Occurrence of flehmen in male buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) with special reference to estrus. Theriogenology. 61: 866-871.
11
Rajanarayanan, S and Archunan, G (2011). Identification of urinary sex pheromones in female buffaloes and their influence on bull reproductive behavior. Res. Vet. Sci., 91: 301-305.
12
Rasmussen, LEL (1998). Chemical communication: an integral part of functional Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) society. Ecoscience. 5: 411-429.
13
Rekwot, PI; Ogwu, DEO and Sekone, VO (2001). The role of pheromone and biostimulation in animal reproduction. Ani. Reprod. Sci., 65: 157-170.
14
Rivard, G and Klemm, WR (1990). Sample contact required for complete bull response to oestrous pheromones in cattle. In: MacDonald, DW; Muller-Scharze, D and Natynczuk, SE (Eds.), Chemical signals in vertebrates. (5th Edn.), Oxford, OxfordUniversity Press. PP: 627-633.
15
Selvam, RM; Onteru, SK; Nayan, V; Sivakumar, M; Singh, D and Archunan, G (2016). Exploration of luteinizing hormone in Murrah buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) urine: extended surge window opens door for estrus prediction. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. ygcen.2016.12.002.
16
Vandenbergh, JG (1999). Pheromones in mammals. In: Knobil, E and Neill, JD (Eds.), Encyclopedia of reproduction. (1st Edn.), UK, Academic Press. PP: 764-769.
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Co-relation of estrous cycle phases with uterine bacterial and fungal flora in non-pregnant female laboratory rabbits
This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the estrous cycle phases with uterine bacterial and fungal flora in non-pregnant female rabbits. Thirty laboratory mature multiparous rabbits were used for this purpose. Samples from uterine lavage for culture of bacteria and fungi were collected at different stages of estrous cycle (based on vaginal cytology), and histopathological observations were evaluated based on the scoring system used for defining the infection of the uterus. Various types of bacteria and fungi were isolated from rabbits at all stages of estrous cycle. The widest variety of bacteria and fungi was isolated at Di-estrous stage and the lowest variety was detected at estrous stage. Klebsiella oxytoca as well as yeast have been isolated at all stages of estrous cycle. This study showed that infection with K. oxytoca and yeast had no relationship with different stages of estrous cycle but other bacteria and fungus were associated with one or more stages of the estrous cycle in rabbits.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4098_bfd9733aaafbc2b055f6fdfa2ece31b8.pdf
2017-06-01
128
133
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4098
Bacterial flora
Estrous cycle
Female rabbit
Fungi
Uterus flushing
A.
Mogheiseh
mogheiseh@yahoo.com
1
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Derakhshandeh
2
Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
E.
Batebi
3
Veterinary Medicine Private Practitioner, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
N.
Golestani
4
Graduated from School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
A.
Moshiri
5
Veterinary Medicine Private Practitioner, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Baba, E; Hata, H; Fukata, T and Arakawa, A (1983). Vaginal and uterine microflora of adult dogs. Am. J. Vet. Res., 44: 606-609.
1
Chengappa, MM; Maddux, RI and Grer, SC (1984). Isolation and identification of yeasts and yeastlike organisms from clinical veterinary sources. J. Clin. Microbiol., 19: 427-428.
2
Cleff, MB; Lima, AP; Faria, RO; Meinerz, ARM; Antunes, TA and Araujo, FB (2005). Isolation of Candida spp from vaginal microbiota of healthy canine females during estrous cycle. Br. J. Microbiol., 36: 201-204.
3
Devriese, LA (1984). A simplified system for biotyping Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different animal species. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 56: 215-220.
4
Garoussi, MT; Khosravi, AR and Havareshti, P (2007). Mycoflora of cervicovaginal fluids in dairy cows with or without reproductive disorders. Mycopathologia. 164: 97-100.
5
Jacques, M; Olson, ME; Crichlow, AM; Osborne, AD and Costerton, JW (1986). The normal microflora of the female rabbit’s genital tract. Can. J. Vet. Res., 50: 272-274.
6
Larsen, B; Markovetz, AJ and Galask, RP (1976). The bacterial flora of the female rat genital tract. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 151: 571-574.
7
Messier, S; Higgins, R; Couture, Y and Morin, M (1984). Comparison of swabbing and biopsy for studying the flora of the bovine uterus. Can. Vet. J., 25: 283-288.
8
Olson, PN and Mather, EC (1978). Canine vaginal and uterine bacterial flora. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 172: 708-711.
9
Oryan, A and Moshiri, A (2012). Recombinant fibroblast growth protein enhances healing ability of experimentally induced tendon injury in vivo. J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med., 8: 421-423.
10
Oryan, A; Moshiri, A; Meimandi Parizi, AH and Raayat Jahromi, A (2012). Repeated administration of exogenous sodium-hyaluronate improved tendon healing in an in vivo transection model. J. Tissue Viability. 21: 88-102.
11
Schultheiss, PC; Jones, RL; Kesel, ML and Olson, PN (1999). Normal bacterial flora in canine and feline uteri. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 11: 560-562.
12
Scott, P; Daley, P; Baird, GG; Sturgess, S and Frost, AJ (1971). The aerobic bacterial flora of the reproductive tract of the mare. Vet. Rec., 88: 58-61.
13
Skangalis, M; Mahoney, CJ and O’leary, WM (1982). Microbial presence in the uterine cavity as affected by varieties of intrauterine contraceptive devices. Fertil. Steril., 37: 263-269.
14
Skangalis, M; Swenson, CE; Mahoney, CJ and O’Leary, WM (1979). The normal microbial flora of the baboon vagina. J. Med. Primatol., 8: 289-297.
15
Steel, C; Ratterree, M and Fidel, PL (1999). Differential susceptibility of two species of macaques to experimental vaginal candidiasis. J. Infec. Dis., 180: 802-810.
16
Tregier, A and Homburger, F (1961). Bacterial flora of the mouse uterus. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 108: 152-154.
17
Viana, D; Selva, L; Callanan, JJ; Guerrero, I; Ferrian, S and Corpa, JM (2011). Strains of Staphylococcus aureus and pathology associated with chronic suppurative mastitis in rabbits. Vet. J., 190: 403-407.
18
Watts, JR; Wright, PJ and Whithear, KC (1996). Uterine, cervical and vaginal microflora of the normal bitch throughout the reproductive cycle. J. Small Anim. Pract., 37: 54-60.
19
Westwood, FR (2008). The female rat reproductive cycle: a practical histological guide to staging. Toxic Pathol., 36: 375-384.
20
Ypsilantis, P; Tsiligianni, Th and Karagiannidis, A (1996). The use of cytological examination of vaginal smears for the determination of domestic rabbit’s estrous cycle. Bull Hellenic Vet. Med. Soc., 47: 186-190.
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
LAMP assay for rapid diagnosis of cow DNA in goat milk and meat samples
Animal species detection is one of the crucial steps for consumer’s food analysis. In the present study we developed an in-house built loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid detection of adulterated cow DNA in goat milk/meat samples. The cow milk/tissue DNA in goat milk/meat samples were identified in the developed LAMP assay by either naked eye visualizing with SYBR Green I dyes or by detecting the typical ladder pattern on gel electrophoresis. This test can detect up to minimum 5% level of cow components admixed in goat milk/meat samples and can be completed within 1 h 40 min starting from DNA extraction from milk/meat samples and can be performed in a water bath. Developed LAMP methodology is simple; rapid and sensitive techniques that can detect adulterant like cow components in goat milk/meat are more accurate than other existing DNA based technologies.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4099_33749f0271c58f2cf4d9b5c9da45608d.pdf
2017-06-01
134
137
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4099
Cow
Goat
LAMP assay
Meat
Milk
R.
Deb
drrajibdeb@gmail.com
1
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
G. S.
Sengar
2
MSc in Biotechnology, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
U.
Singh
3
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
AUTHOR
S.
Kumar
4
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
AUTHOR
T. V.
Raja
5
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
AUTHOR
R.
Alex
6
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
AUTHOR
R. R.
Alyethodi
7
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
AUTHOR
B.
Prakash
8
Molecular Genetics Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
AUTHOR
Abdel-Rahman, SM and Ahmed, MMM (2007). Rapid and sensitive identification of buffalo’s, cattle’s and sheep’s milk using species-specific PCR and PCR-RFLP tech-niques. Food Control. 18: 1246-1249.
1
Abdulmawjood, A; Grabowski, N; Fohler, S; Kittler, S; Nagengast, H and Klein, G (2014). Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid and sensitive identification of ostrich meat. PLoS One. 25, 9: e100717.
2
Bitri, L; Rolland, MP and Besancon, P (1993). Immuno-logical detection of bovine caseinomacropeptide in ovine and caprine dairy products. Milchwissenschaft. 48: 367-371.
3
Calvano, CD; De, CC; Monopoli, A and Zambonin, CG (2012). Detection of sheep and goat milk adulterations by direct MALDI-TOF MS analysis of milk tryptic digests. J. Mass Spectrom. 47: 1141-1149.
4
Deb, R; Sengar, G S; Singh, U; Kumar, S; Alyethodi, RR; Alex, R; Raja, T V; Das,AK; Prakash, B (2016). Application of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of cow components adulterated in buffalo milk/meat. Molecular Biotechnology.doi:10.1007/ s12033-016-9984-4.
5
Khanzadi, S; Jamshidi, A; Razmyar, J and Mohsenzadeh, M (2013). PCR-based detection of cow and goat milk in sheep milk and dairy products marketed in Mashhad city of Iran. Iranian J. Vet. Med., 7: 257-262.
6
Lee, CC; Chang, HS and Sheen, HS (2004). A quick novel method to detect the adulteration of cow milk in goat milk. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 17: 420-422.
7
Lopez-Calleja, I; Gonzalez, I; Fajardo, V; Rodriguez, MA; Hernandez, PE; Garcia, T and Martin, R (2004). Rapid detection of cows’ milk in sheeps’ and goats’ milk by a species-specific polymerase chain reaction technique. J. Dairy Sci., 87: 2839-2845.
8
Notomi, T; Okayama, H; Masubuchi, H; Yonekawa, T; Watanabe, K; Amino, N and Hase, T (2000). Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA. Nucl. Acids Res., 28: e63-e63.
9
Pawar, SS; Meshram, CD; Singh, NK; Sonwane, AA; Saini, MR; Muglikar, DM; Mishra, BP and Gupta, PK (2014). Rapid detection of bovine herpesvirus 1 in bovine semen by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. Arch Virol., 159: 641-648. doi: 10.1007/s00705-013-1869-2.
10
Volk, H; Klančnik, A; Toplak, N; Kovač, M and Jeršek, B (2014). Real-time PCR detection of fraudulent addition of bovine milk to caprine and ovine milk. J. Hyg. Eng. Design. 7: 107-111.
11
Wang, D (2015). Novel primers for increased specificity and sensitivity for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus by real-time LAMP. J. Food. doi: 10.1080/19476337.2015. 1048530.
12
Zhang, CL; Fowler, MR; Scott, NW; Lawson, G and Slater, A (2007). A TaqMan real-time PCR system for the identification and quantification of bovine DNA in meats, milks and cheeses. Food Control. 18: 1149-1158.
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Use of locking plate in combination with dynamic compression plate for repair of tibial fracture in a young horse
Grade 1 open spiral fracture of left tibia in a 1.5 year-old horse was treated using a combination of 4.5 mm locking compression plate (LCP) and a dynamic compression plate applied in a neutralization manner. The open wound was managed postoperatively by regular dressing and lavage. Radiograph at 24 days post-treatment revealed callus formation and at two months complete bridging callus was observed. At the end of six months complete healing of the fracture with functional recovery of the limb was observed.
https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_4100_1334741ee65fe9ac938338d0fadaf109.pdf
2017-06-01
138
141
10.22099/ijvr.2017.4100
Fracture
horse
Locking plate
Tibia
R. A.
Ahmad
raahmad@hotmail.com
1
Teaching Veterinary Clinical Service Complex, Sher-e-Kashmir University Agricultural Sciences and Technology Kashmir, Shuhama, Srinagar-190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
H. P.
Aithal
2
Training and Education Centre, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Shivajinagar, Pune, Maharashtra, India
AUTHOR
D. N.
Madhu
3
Resident of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
AUTHOR
-
Amarpal
4
Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
AUTHOR
P.
Kinjavdekar
5
Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
AUTHOR
A. M.
Pawde
6
Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
AUTHOR
Bramlage, LR and Fackelmann, GE (2000). Femur. In: Bramlage, LR; Auer, JA; Fackelmann, GE and Nunamaker, DM (Eds.), AO principles of equine osteosynthesis, Stuttgart, Thieme. PP: 197-207.
1
Bramlage, LR and Hanes, GE (1982). Internal fixation of a tibial fracture in an adult horse. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 180: 1090-1094.
2
Byron, CR; Stick, JA; Brown, JA and Lugo, J (2002). Use of a condylar screw plate for repair of a Salter-Harris type-III fracture of the femur in a 2-year-old horse. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 221: 1292-1295.
3
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