@article { author = {Hajighahramani, S. and Vesal, N.}, title = {Evaluation of several drug combinations for intraperitoneal anaesthesia in adult male rats}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {106-115}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.1771}, abstract = {The objective of this study was to evaluate several drug combinations for intraperitoneal anaesthesia in laboratory rats. Following dose determination of anaesthetics in a pilot study, 45 healthy adult male rats were randomly assigned in 9 treatment groups and received propofol (alone or in combination with xylazine, midazolam, or ketamine) or ketamine (in combination with xylazine, midazolam, acepromazine, acepromazine-xylazine, or midazolam-xylazine). Heart and respiratory rate, induction and total sleep times, duration of surgical anaesthesia and walking time were measured. Complete immobility and loss of righting reflex were observed within 12 min in all groups. Induction of anaesthesia was significantly longer following XP compared to other groups. Surgical anaesthesia was induced in all rats receiving XK, AXK and MXK, while propofol alone, MK and KP were associated with surgical anaesthesia in 2, 3 and 4 rats, respectively. Other combinations did not produce surgical anaesthesia. Duration of surgical anaesthesia was longest with MXK and shortest with MK. In conclusion, the most effective drug combinations, which result in longer duration of surgical anaesthesia, were AXK and MXK. Although the degree of analgesia produced by IP propofol is sufficient for restraint and non-painful procedures, the combination of ketamine-propofol can produce surgical anaesthesia in the rat.}, keywords = {Anesthesia,Intraperitoneal,Propofol,ketamine,Rat}, title_fa = {ارزیابی ترکیبات مختلف دارویی در بیهوشی داخل صفاقی در موش صحرایی بالغ نر}, abstract_fa = {این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی ترکیبات مختلف دارویی در القاء بیهوشی به روش داخل صفاقی در موش صحرایی آزمایشگاهی انجام شده است. پس از تعیین دوز داروها در مطالعه اولیه، 45 قطعه موش صحرایی بالغ نر به طور تصادفی در 9 گروه درمانی تقسیم شدند و داروی پروپوفل (به تنهایی یا در ترکیب با زایلازین، میدازولام یا کتامین) یا کتامین (در ترکیب با زایلازین، میدازولام، آسپرومازین، آسپرومازین-زایلازین یا میدازولام-زایلازین) را به صورت داخل صفاقی دریافت کردند. تعداد ضربان قلب و تنفس، زمان القاء بیهوشی و طول مدت خواب، طول مدت بیهوشی جراحی و زمان راه رفتن موش‌ها ثبت شد. بی‌حرکتی کامل و از دست رفتن رفلکس تعادل طی مدت 12 دقیقه در همه گروه‌ها مشاهده شد. زمان القاء بیهوشی در گروه XP در مقایسه با سایر گروه‌ها به صورت معنی‌داری طولانی‌تر بود. بیهوشی جراحی در همه موش‌هایی که ترکیبات XK، AXK و MXK دریافت کرده بودند ایجاد شد در حالی که در گروه‌های پروپوفل (به تنهایی)، MK و KP هر کدام به ترتیب در 2، 3 و 4 موش بیهوشی جراحی مشاهده شد. سایر ترکیبات دارویی نتوانستند بیهوشی جراحی ایجاد نمایند. طولانی‌ترین و کوتاه‌ترین طول بیهوشی جراحی به ترتیب در گروه MXK و MK مشاهده شد. نتیجه نهایی اینکه ترکیبات AXK و MXK مؤثرترین ترکیب در ایجاد طولانی‌ترین بیهوشی جراحی در موش صحرایی می‌باشند. اگر چه عمق بیهوشی ایجاد شده با پروپوفل فقط برای مقید سازی موش و انجام اعمال غیر دردناک کافی است اما ترکیب کتامین-پروپوفل قادر به ایجاد بیهوشی جراحی در موش صحرایی است.}, keywords_fa = {بیهوشی,داخل صفاقی,پروپوفل,کتامین,موش صحرایی}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1771.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1771_f486b44eaa753286bbc82d0e08b15fd0.pdf} } @article { author = {Tadjalli, M. and Moslemy, H. R.}, title = {Intrahepatic ramifications of the portal vein in the horse}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {116-122}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.1772}, abstract = {The ramifications of the portal vein in the liver of horses were studied by using corrosion casting and gross dissection. The portal vein in the horse supplies the hepatic lobes by six major branches. The right lobe is supplied by three main branches, namely the dorsal diaphragmatic, the right caudodorsal and the right intermediate branches. The left branch supplies the left lateral and medial lobes and parts of the quadrate lobe adjacent to the left medial lobe. The caudate branch supplies caudate process of the caudate lobe. The right common trunk supplies also a part of right lobe and quadrate lobe. Therefore, the pattern of blood distribution in portal vein of horse differs from that of other species.}, keywords = {Portal vein,Liver,corrosion-cast,Gross dissection,horse}, title_fa = {انشعابات داخل کبدی سیاهرگ باب در اسب}, abstract_fa = { انشعابات سیاهرگ باب در کبد 6 اسب توسط روش‌های corrosion-cast و تشریح به وسیله تزریق ماده رنگی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصله نشان داد لوب‌های کبدی در اسب توسط 6 شاخه اصلی سیاهرگ باب مشروب می‌شوند. لوب راست توسط 3 شاخه اصلی سیاهرگ باب به نام شاخه‌های دیافراگمی پشتی، خلفی پشتی و بینابینی راست مشروب می‌گردد. شاخه چپ سیاهرگ باب لوب‌های جانبی و میانی چپ و یک قسمت از لوب مربعی شکل مجاور لوب میانی چپ و شاخه دمی شکل، زائده دمی لوب دمی شکل را مشروب می‌نماید. همچنین تنه مشترک راست یک قسمت از لوب راست و لوب مربعی شکل را مشروب می‌کند. بنابراین سیاهرگ باب در کبد اسب در روش توزیع خون از سایر گونه‌ها متفاوت می‌باشد.}, keywords_fa = {سیاهرگ باب,کبد,corrosion-cast,تشریح به وسیله تزریق ماده رنگی,اسب}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1772.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1772_c12ba83d2fc0acff00f592f706eeb612.pdf} } @article { author = {Izadifard, J. and Zamiri, M. J.}, title = {Effects of supplementary feeding on growth and carcass characteristics of fat-tailed lambs grazing cereal stubble}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {123-130}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.1773}, abstract = {Despite a shortage of animal feed in Iran, cereal stubble is often underutilized due to agro-economic reasons. On the other hand, lambs fed with a conventional fattening ration deposit a considerable amount of fat; therefore, this experiment was conducted aimed at better utilization of cereal stubble and reducing the fat content of lamb carcasses. Fat-tailed Mehraban and Ghezel ram lambs were put on four feeding systems (FS) for 100 days. Animals in one group (FS1) were lot-fed with a conventional fattening ration (4% of the mean body weight) consisting of 50% ground barley and 50% chopped alfalfa hay. FS2, FS3 and FS4 animals grazed stubbles, and in the evening, received 2% of their body weights either ground barley (FS2), a mixture (50:50 DM basis) of ground barley and alfalfa hay (FS3), or ground alfalfa hay (FS4). Daily gain, slaughter weight, and tail weight were greatest (P<0.05) for FS1, lowest for FS4, and intermediate for FS2 and FS3. Stubble-fed lambs had lower subcutaneous fat depth and cavity fat. The sum weight of lean in primal cuts was lower in FS4 as compared with other groups, but the lean weight as a percentage of carcass weight was lowest in SF1. Similar pattern was found for the dissected fat from the primal cuts. The weight of soft tissues was highest in SF1 and lowest in SF4, but its percentage in carcass showed a reverse pattern. Stubble feeding with some supplementary feed resulted in less fat deposition in fat-tailed lambs as compared with the conventional fattening ration, and was more economical in terms of unit live weight gain. Due to the feed shortage in Iran, stubble grazing should be encouraged in lieu of the current practice of burning the residues on the farm.}, keywords = {fat-tailed sheep,Stubble feeding,Growth,Carcass}, title_fa = {اثر تغذیه تکمیلی بر رشد و ویژگی‌‌های لاشه بره‌های دنبه‌دار که با چرای کلور غلات تغذیه شده‌اند}, abstract_fa = {به رغم کمبود مواد خوراکی در ایران، به علت‌های اقتصادی-کشاورزی از کلور غلات چندان بهره‌برداری تغذیه‌ای نمی‌شود. از سویی، بره‌هایی که با جیره‌های رایج پروار می‌شوند میزان شایان توجهی چربی در لاشه ذخیره می‌کنند. بنابراین، این آزمایش با هدف بهره‌برداری بهتر از کلور غلات و نیز کاهش چربی لاشه بره‌ها، انجام شد. بره‌های قزل و مهربان به طور تصادفی در چهار گروه تغذیه‌ای، قرار گرفتند و برای 100 روز تغذیه شدند. بره‌های گروه 1، با جیره پرواری رایج (به میزان 4% وزن زنده) تغذیه شدند که 50% آن دانه جو و50% دیگر را یونجه خشک تشکیل می‌داد. گروه‌های دیگر، روزانه برای چرا به کلور گندم و جو فرستاده شدند و هنگام عصر، به میزان 2% وزن زنده، غذایی تکمیلی دریافت کردند. غذای تکمیلی برای گروه 2، دانه جو، برای گروه 3، مخلوط یونجه و دانه جو (50:50) و برای گروه 4، یونجه خشک بود. میانگین افزایش وزن روزانه، وزن کشتار و دنبه در گروه 1 بیشترین، در گروه 4 کمترین و در گروه‌های 2 و 3 بینابین آنها بود (P<0.05). بره‌هایی که با کلور تغذیه شدند، کمترین قطر چربی زیرپوستی در ناحیه پشت و کمترین مقدار چربی پیرامون اندام‌های درونی را داشتند. مجموع گوشت لخم (گوشت کم چربی) در قطعه‌های اصلی لاشه در گروه 4 نسبت به گروه‌های دیگر کمتر بود اما درصد وزنی گوشت لخم نسبت به وزن لاشه، در گروه 1 کمتر بود. الگوی همانندی برای چربی جدا شده از قطعات اصلی لاشه، دیده شد. وزن گوشت (ماهیچه و چربی) در گروه 1، بیشترین و در گروه 4، کمترین بود اما نسبت وزن گوشت به وزن لاشه، برعکس بود. یافته‌های این آزمایش نشان داد که تغذیه کلور گندم و جو، همراه با غذای مکمل، موجب کاهش ذخیره چربی در بره‌های قزل و مهربان، در مقایسه با جیره پرواری رایج، شد و از نظر افزایش وزن روزانه، به صرفه‌تر نیز بود (با در نظر گرفتن هزینه اجاره کلور). به علت کمبود مواد خوراکی در ایران، توصیه می‌شود که به جای سوزاندن کلور که هم اکنون رایج شده است، استفاده از آن به عنوان یک منبع خوراکی، تشویق شود.}, keywords_fa = {گوسفندان دنبه‌دار,تغذیه کلور,رشد,لاشه}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1773.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1773_e5cc0aa6bc6b49a631f3b9a2161095ce.pdf} } @article { author = {Kafi, M. and Zibaei, M. and Rahbari, A.}, title = {Accuracy of oestrus detection in cows and its economic impact on Shiraz dairy farms}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {131-137}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.1774}, abstract = {No report has been published on the economical losses associated with errors in oestrus detection in cows under Iranian intensive dairy management. The following study was carried out to determine the accuracy of oestrus detection by farmers using artificial insemination in Shiraz dairy farms. Milk samples were collected from 179 Holstein milking cows at the time of artificial insemination. Milk progesterone concentration was determined using a commercial radio-immunoassay kit. It was assumed that a milk progesterone concentration greater than or equal to 3 ng/ml indicated the presence of active luteal tissue and that all animals in oestrus had a concentration less than 1 ng/ml. Results of the present study showed that error in oestrus detection was higher in dairy herds with more than 85 milking cows compared to that of the smaller size herds (14.4 vs 7.3%; χ2  = 2.59; P = 0.1). Five out of 11 herds (45%) had an oestrus detection error higher than 10 percent while in the remaining six herds the oestrus detection error varied from 0 to 7.1%. Based on the assumptions and calculations made in the present study, the net cost of one day delay in conception for a cow producing 25 litres milk in peak lactation was calculated at 40591.98 Rials (4.51 $US) when conception is delayed from 85 to 100 days post-calving, increasing to 60120.89 Rials (6.68 $US) per day if conception occurred at 146 to 175 days post-calving.  }, keywords = {accuracy,Oestrus detection,Dairy cows,Economics,Iran}, title_fa = {بررسی میزان صحت تشخیص فحلی و برآورد خسارات اقتصادی ناشی از خطا در تشخیص فحلی گاو شیری}, abstract_fa = {بررسی کتابخانه‌ای نشان می‌دهد، تاکنون گزارش منتشر شده‌ای راجع به خسارات اقتصادی ناشی از خطا در تشخیص فحلی گاو شیری ایران منتشر نشده است. لذا به منظور بررسی میزان خطا در تشخیص فحلی از 179 گاو شیری در زمان تلقیح مصنوعی نمونه شیر گرفته شد. میزان پروژسترون شیر با استفاده از کیت رادیوایمنواسی اندازه‌گیری شد. گاوهایی که دارای میزان پروژسترون برابر 3 (یا بیشتر) نانوگرم در میلی‌لیتر شیر بودند به عنوان گاو غیر فحل در نظر گرفته شدند. گاوهایی که دارای میزان پروژسترون کمتر از 1 نانوگرم در میلی‌لیتر بودند، به عنوان گاو فحل تشخیص داده شدند. نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که میزان خطا در تشخیص فحلی در واحدهایی که بیشتر از 85 راس گاو نگهداری می‌کردند به طور غیر معنی‌داری بیشتر بود (4/14 در مقایسه با 3/7%، 59/2 = 2χ). تعداد 5 گله شیری از مجموع 11 گله شیری، دارای خطای بیشتر از 10% در تشخیص فحلی بودند، در حالی که خطای تشخیص فحلی در سایر گله‌ها از صفر تا 1/7% تشخیص داده شد. بر اساس فرضیات مطرح شده در مقاله حاضر و محاسبات اقتصادی انجام شده، هزینه تحمیلی به ازای هر روز تاخیر در آبستنی یک گاو که دارای تولید شیر 25 لیتر در شرایط پیک است، بالغ بر 98/40591 ریال خواهد بود. این در حالی است که وقوع آبستنی از 85 تا 100 روز تاخیر افتد. چنانچه از 146 تا 175 روز تاخیر در آبستنی داشته باشیم هزینه تحمیلی به واحد شیری برابر 89/60120 ریال خواهد بود.}, keywords_fa = {صحت,تشخیص فحلی,گاو شیری,خسارات اقتصادی,ایران}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1774.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1774_f3a2afb7349a302e78d9dbf23d0910b9.pdf} } @article { author = {Rajaian, H. and Soleimani Mohammadi, E.}, title = {Pharmacokinetics of tetracycline hydrochloride in fat-tailed sheep}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {138-143}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.1775}, abstract = {Tetracycline may be used to treat several types of bacterial diseases in ruminants. In addition, tetracycline is added to food to promote the growth. There are few reports on the pharmacokinetics of tetracycline in sheep. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drug in sheep. Ten apparently healthy mixed-breed sheep were administered 20 mg/kg tetracycline orally and intravenously with a time interval of two weeks. Blood samples were collected before and at various time intervals after the administration of the drug. Sera were separated, kept at -20 °C, and analysed using fluorescence spectrophotometry. The volume of distribution (Vd), elimination rate constant (Kel), half-life (t1/2), and clearance (ClB ) of tetracycline after intravenous injection were determined to be 0.21 L/kg, 0.21/hr, 3.3 hr, and 0.73 ml/kg/min, respectively. When the drug was given orally, these parameters were found to be 0.37 L/kg, 0.12/hr, 5.8 hr, and 0.73 ml/kg/min, respectively. Moreover, the bioavailability of tetracycline after oral administration was around 55%.  }, keywords = {Tetracycline,pharmacokinetics,Sheep}, title_fa = {فارماکوکینتیک تتراسیکلین در گوسفندان دنبه‌دار}, abstract_fa = {آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های تتراسیکلینی را می‌توان در درمان تعدادی از انواع بیماری‌های باکتریایی مورد استفاده قرار داد. بعلاوه، تتراسیکلین برای افزایش رشد به غذا نیز اضافه می‌گردد. محدود گزارش‌هایی در مورد فارماکوکینتیک تتراسیکلین در گوسفند موجود است. بنابراین هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی خصوصیات فارماکوکینتیکی این دارو در گوسفند می‌باشد. به ده راس گوسفند نژاد مخلوط و به ظاهر سالم میزان 20 میلی‌گرم به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن بدن از تتراسیکلین به طرق خوراکی و داخل رگی در دو مرحله و با فاصله زمانی دو هفته تجویز شد. نمونه‌های خون قبل و در فواصل زمانی مشخص پس از تجویز دارو جمع‌آوری گردید. سرم این نمونه‌ها جدا و در °C20- نگهداری و سپس با روش فلوئورسانس اسپکتروفتومتری آنالیز گردید. اطلاعات فارماکوکینتیکی جدیدی برای تتراسیکلین در گوسفند به دست آمد. حجم توزیع، ثابت سرعت حذف، نیمه عمر و کلیرانس تتراسیکلین بعد از تجویز داخل رگی به ترتیب L/kg 21/0،/hr 21/0،  hr3/3 و ml/kg/min 73/0 تعیین گردید. در روش خوراکی، این پارامترها به ترتیب                 L/kg37/0، /hr12/0،  hr8/5 و ml/kg/min 73/0 به دست آمدند. علاوه بر آن، فراهمی زیستی تتراسیکلین در تجویز خوراکی تقریبا 55% محاسبه شد.}, keywords_fa = {تتراسیکلین,فارماکوکینتیک,گوسفند}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1775.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1775_36d870aa0241bddb492f5858baa968b1.pdf} } @article { author = {Arab Abousadi, M. and Rowghani, E. and Ebrahimi Honarmand, M.}, title = {The efficacy of various additives to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxin B1 in broiler chicks}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {144-150}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.1776}, abstract = {Three-hundred and twenty 7-day-old Ross 308-strain broiler chickens were fed diets containing 0 or 125 ppb aflatoxin B 1 (AFB1) from 7 to 28 days of age. Sodium bentonite (0.5%), yeast (Saccharomyces cervisiae) 0.2%, hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) (0.5%), ammonia (0.5%), formycine (0.1%), and toxiban (0.1%) were added to the basal diet, as fed basis to determine the effects of these additives against aflatoxicosis. Diet free from aflatoxin, and diet containing aflatoxin (negative control group) were considered as comparison groups. Broiler chickens were divided into 32 groups of 10 with similar mean ± SD weight of 90 ± 0.64 g. Each experimental diet was replicated 4 times during 21 days. Body weight gain, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, daily and weekly feed intake, relative weight of organs (liver, intestines, heart, proventriculus and gizzard) and total serum protein were recorded. Relative weight of organs in chickens fed with diet containing AFB1 alone were significantly greater (P<0.01) than that of those fed with other diets. Their body weight gain, daily weight gain, total serum protein concentration, however, were significantly lesser (P<0.01) compared with those fed with other diets. Experimental diets decreased the relative weight of organs in chickens fed with diets containing aflatoxin along with any of the experimental diets as compared with the negative control group. The feed conversion ratios were higher in chickens fed with diets containing aflatoxin. On the other hand, chickens receiving various additives in their diets showed an increase in body weight gains, serum total protein concentration and an improvement in the feed conversion ratio when compared with the negative control group (P<0.01). Generally, addition of the above compounds made an improvement against negative effects of AFB1  in broiler chickens. Formycine was recognized to be the best additive in this respect.  }, keywords = {Additives,Aflatoxin,Broiler chicks,Growth,Internal organs}, title_fa = {تاثیر افزودنی‌های مختلف بر کاهش سمیت آفلاتوکسین ب 1 در جوجه‌‌های گوشتی}, abstract_fa = {320 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نژاد راس از سن 7 تا 28 روزگی جیره‌های حاوی صفر و ppb 125 آفلاتوکسین ب 1 (AFB1)دریافت کردند. جیره‌های آلوده با AFB1 با 5/0% سدیم بنتونیت، 2/0% مخمر، 5/0% هیدرات سدیم کلسیم آلومینوسیلیکات، 5/0% آمونیاک، 1/0% فورمایسین و 1/0% توکسی‌بان بر اساس کیلوگرم خوراک جهت بررسی تاثیر این مواد بر کاهش سمیت AFB1 مخلوط شدند. همچنین در این آزمایش جیره‌ی عاری از AFB1، شاهد (مثبت) و جیره‌ی آلوده به AFB1، شاهد (منفی) را تشکیل ‌دادند. جوجه‌ها به 32 گروه 10 قطعه‌ای با میانگین وزنی مشابه (64/0 ± 90 گرم) تقسیم و هر تیمار آزمایشی در چهار تکرار و به مدت 21 روز با جیره‌های فوق تغذیه شدند. وزن بدن، افزایش وزن روزانه، ضریب تبدیل خوراک، خوراک مصرفی روزانه و هفتگی، وزن نسبی اندام‌ها (جگر، روده‌ها، قلب و سنگدان) و میزان پروتئین کل سرم اندازه‌گیری شد. وزن نسبی اندام‌ها در جوجه‌هایی که از جیره‌ی حاوی AFB1 تنها تغذیه کرده بود افزایش اما باعث کاهش وزن بدن، افزایش وزن روزانه، غلظت پروتئین کل سرم و بدتر شدن ضریب تبدیل غذایی، نسبت به جوجه‌هایی که از سایر جیره‌ها تغذیه کرده بودند، شد (P<0.01). وزن نسبی اندام‌ها نسبت به جیره حاوی AFB1 تنها در جوجه‌هایی که جیره‌ی آلوده بهAFB1  به همراه هر کدام از افزودنی‌ها را مصرف کرده بودند، به طور معنی‌داری (P<0.01) کاهش یافت. از طرفی افزودن هر کدام از افزودنی‌ها به جیره‌ی آلوده به AFB1 توانست به طور معنی‌داری باعث افزایش وزن بدن، افزایش میزان پروتئین کل سرم و بهبود ضریب تبدیل غذایی شود. به طور کلی افزودنی‌های فوق موجب کاهش آثار نامطلوب AFB1 در جوجه‌های گوشتی شدند و فورمایسین به عنوان بهترین افزودنی برای کاهش اثر سمیت AFB1 شناخته شد.  }, keywords_fa = {افزودنی‌ها,آفلاتوکسین,جوجه گوشتی,رشد,اندام‌های داخلی}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1776.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1776_e745aa6bf28fb6dd49a832495218dbbb.pdf} } @article { author = {Barati, F. and Niasari-Naslaji, A. and Bolourchi, M. and Razavi, K. and Naghzali, E. and Sarhaddi, F.}, title = {Pregnancy rates of frozen embryos recovered during winter and summer in Sistani cows}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {151-154}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.1777}, abstract = {During spring, summer and winter seasons, Sistani donor cows, with normal reproductive status, were superovulated and embryos were recovered non-surgically on day 7. Grade A blastocyst embryos were either transferred fresh (spring) or frozen (summer and winter). Recovered embryos during summer and winter were exposed to glycerol and frozen using conventional method. During spring season, recipient females (n = 70) were synchronized using two consecutive injections of prostaglandin F 2α  analogue, 14 days apart. On day 7 after the ensuing cycle, the females were assigned into three groups to receive single embryo, either fresh (n = 14; control; recovered embryos in spring) or frozen blastocyst recovered and frozen in summer (n = 27) or winter (n = 29). Pregnancies were diagnosed by ultrasound examination, 30 days after non-surgical embryo transfer. Pregnancy rates following transfer of fresh embryos (64.3%) were higher than those that received frozen-thawed embryos (17.86%; P<0.05). There was not any significant difference between pregnancy rates of recipients receiving embryos frozen in summer (18.5%) or winter (17.2%; P>0.05).  }, keywords = {Embryo transfer,Frozen embryos,Season,Sistani cow}, title_fa = {نرخ آبستنی در گاوهای سیستانی متعاقب انتقال جنین‌های منجمد شده در فصول تابستان و زمستان}, abstract_fa = {هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی نرخ آبستنی گاوهای سیستانی متعاقب انتقال جنین‌های منجمد شده در فصول تابستان و زمستان بود. در فصول بهار، تابستان و زمستان، گاوهای سیستانی با دستگاه تناسلی سالم تحت درمان سوپراوولاسیون قرار گرفته و جنین‌ها از طریق روش غیر جراحی جمع‌آوری شدند. بلاستوسیست‌ها با درجه عالی انتخاب و در فصل بهار به صورت تازه منتقل و یا در فصول تابستان و زمستان منجمد شدند. جنین‌های استحصالی در فصول زمستان و تابستان پس از غوطه‌وری در گلیسرول، با روش انجماد تدریجی منجمد شدند. به دنبال یخ‌گشایی و رقیق‌سازی تدریجی، جنین‌ها به شکل غیر جراحی منتقل شدند. آبستنی از طریق دستگاه سونوگراف در روز 30 پس از انتقال جنین مشخص گردید. نرخ آبستنی از طریق آزمون مربع کای در برنامه آماری SAS ارزیابی شد. در فصل بهار، گاوهای سیستانی (تعداد 70 راس) با دو تزریق متوالی پروستاگلاندین به فاصله 14 روز همزمان شدند. در روز 7 پس از فحلی ایستا، گیرنده‌ها به سه گروه آزمایشی تقسیم شدند. گیرنده‌های گروه کنترل (تعداد 14 راس) جنین‌های تازه استحصالی در فصل بهار را دریافت داشتند. تعداد 27 و 29 راس از گیرنده‌ها به ترتیب یک جنین منجمد شده در فصل تابستان و زمستان دریافت داشتند. نرخ آبستنی گاوهای سیستانی به دنبال انتقال جنین تازه (3/64%)، بیشتر از جنین‌های منجمد (86/17%، ‍P<0.05) بود. تفاوت معنی‌داری در نرخ آبستنی گیرندهایی که جنین منجمد شده در تابستان (5/18%) و یا زمستان (2/17%) دریافت داشتند مشاهده نشد (P>0.05). به طور خلاصه، کیفیت جنین‌های استحصالی و منجمد شده گاو سیستانی در فصول تابستان و زمستان مشابه بوده و نرخ آبستنی حاصل از انتقال این جنین‌ها تفاوت معنی‌داری را نشان نمی‌دهد.}, keywords_fa = {انتقال جنین,انجماد جنین,فصل,گاو سیستانی}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1777.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_1777_4ce71230c92c8988894eadeb4d14b121.pdf} } @article { author = {Ai, J. and Zarifkar, A. and Takhshid, M. A. and Alavi, J. and Moradzadeh, M.}, title = {The effect of thyroid activity on adult rat spermatogenesis}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {155-160}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.2687}, abstract = {The influence of hypo- and hyper-thyroidism on spermatogenesis was studied in 60-day-old adult maleWistar rats. To confirm hypo- and hyper-thyroidism, the concentration of plasma thyroid hormones wereassayed by radioimmunoassay. The hypothyroid state, induced by administration of 25 mg/kg/daymethimazole for 5 successive days, resulted in significant decrease in the number of Sertoli cells, spermcount, Leydig cells and the diameter of seminiferous tubules. The hyperthyroid state, induced byadministration of 1 mg/kg/day L-thyroxine for 10 successive days, increased the number of Sertoli cells,sperm count, Leydig cells and the diameter of seminiferous tubules. Serum levels of FSH and LH andtestosterone were also evaluated. Hypo- and hyper-thyroidism had no effects on the concentrations of FSHand LH, while the concentration of testosterone was significantly increased in hyperthyroid state; it decreasedin hypothyroid state in comparison with the control euthyroid rats. In conclusion, our data indicated thathypo- and hyper-thyroidism affect spermatogenesis through their effects on germinal, interstitial and Sertolicells but not through the pituitary-gonadal axis.}, keywords = {Hypothyroidism,Hyperthyroidism,spermatogenesis,Rat}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2687.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2687_7c526dfe661aaa7734a9d56180626e17.pdf} } @article { author = {Taghipour Bazargani, T. and Charkhkar, S. and Sadeghi, F. and Khalaj, M. and Rashtibaf, M. and Bagheri, M. and Bazargani, M.}, title = {Protective effect of Johne’s disease attenuated vaccine in an intensive non-tuberculosis free dairy}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {161-165}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.2689}, abstract = {This study was carried out to control Johne’s disease (JD) without interfering with tuberculosis (TB)control programme. A dairy herd (n>1500 heads) was used over a period of 6 years, from 1994 to 1999 forthis investigation. The herd had a history of heavy infection with Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis(MAP) with culling rates of 1.5 and 5%, in 1991 and 1995, respectively. The mean annual losses due to thereduction in milk yield, pregnancy rate and carcass weight was about $32000. In addition, the farm has hadpositive tuberculin test. During this study, 2070 calves within 31 days of age, were inoculated oncesubcutaneously, with MERIAL JD attenuated vaccine, in the middle of brisket region. The vaccine protectedthe herd against JD effectively, so that from 1995 up to the end of 1999, the means of JD culling among 2-year-old vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle were 0.52 and 19.4%, respectively. This vaccination had no sideeffects on TB control programme that was conducted by the comparative tuberculin test. In the site ofinoculation, fibrocaseous inflammation, while increasing in size, was developed. During 2 years, in themajority of animals, this reaction disappeared; only in less than 1.5% of instances the lesion became tumoral and permanent. These animals had no clinical abnormality. While inoculating the vaccine, the insertion of vaccine germ contaminated needles in fingers of vaccinators usually caused temporary, hard and painful inflammation. In one occasion, a progressive granuloma caused by vaccine germ was diagnosedhistopathologically and treated with suitable antibiotics.}, keywords = {Dairy herd,Attenuated vaccine,Johne’s disease control,Tuberculosis control}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2689.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2689_302b030bd317a69a52feea84ef488b4a.pdf} } @article { author = {Norouzi, F. and Hashemitabar, Gh. R. and Razmi, G. R.}, title = {Detection of midgut antigens of Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum tick using SDS-PAGE and Western blot}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {166-169}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.2690}, abstract = {Ticks are important ectoparasites which are a considerable threat to human beings and to animals all overthe world. Enormous economic losses annually occur in livestock production around the world as a result oftheir existance. One of the ways to control ticks and tick-borne diseases is to introduce resistance to theseectoparasites through immunization. For identification of the putative protective antigens, screening of largenumber of parasite antigens and their fractions are necessary. In this study, midguts of fed adult femaleHyalomma anatolicum anatolicum were used to prepare antigen and to identify the midgut profile.Polypeptide profile was analysed by SDS-PAGE with 12.5% concentration under denaturated conditions anddiscontinuous buffer system. Humoral immunity and antigenic pattern were evaluated by Western blot. Atotal of 4 fractions were observed in the polypeptide profile. The molecular weight of the fractions were 97,84, 66 and 55 kDa. The band with molecular weight of 66 kDa was dominant. Positive reaction with 84, 66and 55 kDa bands were observed in immuno-blot of the midgut antigens.}, keywords = {Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum,Midgut antigens,SDS-PAGE,Western blotting}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2690.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2690_08ff50ca2278ad8c99419ca72be2bb3d.pdf} } @article { author = {Nekooeian, A. A. and Mashhoodi, T.}, title = {Chronology of blood pressure changes in renal hypertension induced by solid plexiglass clips in the rat}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {170-174}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.2691}, abstract = {The objective of this study was to determine the chronology of changes in blood pressure in renalhypertension induced by solid plexiglass clips in rats. Saw blades with the thickness of 0.21-0.22 mm wereused to make clips sized 4 × 2 × 2 mm from a piece of 2-mm thick plexiglass. Rats were subjected to shamoperation or left renal arterial clipping, and 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks later blood pressure, and heart and kidneys weights were determined. Relative to those of sham-operated rats, mean blood pressure of left renal arteryclipped rats were significantly higher at week 1 through 4 after clipping. Left renal artery clipping was also associated with significant increases in heart and right kidney weights and significant decrease in left kidney weight. The findings suggest that clipping of left renal artery using solid plexiglass clips resulted in changes in blood pressure, heart and left and right kidneys weights similar to reported changes in hypertension induced by silver clips.}, keywords = {Two-kidney,One-clip,Plexiglass clips,Hypertension,Rat}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2691.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2691_edae96a7ac8a051d66bfae0fb558b19b.pdf} } @article { author = {Razmi, G. R. and Kalidari, G. A. and Maleki, M.}, title = {First report of the Hadjelia truncata infestation in pigeons of Iran}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {175-177}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.2693}, abstract = {Three adult pigeons (Columbia livia) belonging to a pigeon farm in Mashhad area were submitted toPoultry Clinic of School of Veterinary Medicine for post-mortem inspection. The farm had 150 adult pigeonsand a number of them suffered from a chronic disease with body weight loss, diarrhoea and weakness. Atnecropsy, slight to extreme enlargement with distortion were observed in gizzards of all carcases. There wasa large number of nematodes in or beneath the lining of the affected gizzards. The worms were removed from the lining of the rostral parts of the gizzards and cleared in lactophenol. Also, tissue blocks from various parts of the gizzards were processed by conventional methods for preparation of paraffin wax sections. Based on parasitological and pathological findings the Hadjelia truncata infestation was identified for the first time from Iran and this species is a pathogenic agent for pigeons.}, keywords = {Hadjelia truncata,gizzard,Pigeon,Iran}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2693.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2693_5f66611571523bb2d5996725addf5ffe.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghadiri, A. R. and Avizeh, R. and Veshkini, A.}, title = {Radiographic findings of hypertrophic osteodystrophy in a mongrel puppy}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {178-181}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.2694}, abstract = {A three-month-old male native puppy with lameness, metaphyseal swelling, pain, depression,inappetence and variable pyrexia was diagnosed as having hypertrophic osteodystrophy (HOD) based onradiologic examination. The hemogram and biochemical profiles were within normal limits. Radiologicexamination revealed a radiolucent zone in the metaphyses and a radiopaque band near the physes of theappendicular long bones. Periosteal new bone formation was seen around of the distal metaphyses of theradii, ulnae and tibiae. Currently, there is no specific treatment for HOD. The condition of puppy wasimproved following restriction of activity, confinement to small well-padded area, administration of highquality diet and anti-inflammatory drug (aspirin, 10 mg/kg PO q12h for two weeks). To the best of ourknowledge, it is the first report of HOD in mongrel puppies in Iran.}, keywords = {Hypertrophic osteodystrophy,dog,Puppy,Bone}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2694.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2694_666b1fd19c19a213fbd6c0deaa55b03c.pdf} } @article { author = {Mozaffari, A. A. and Derakhshanfar, A.}, title = {Zinc-responsive dermatosis in an Iranian cross-breed ram}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {182-183}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.2696}, abstract = {An adult (two years old) Iranian cross-breed ram with alopecia, rough hair coats, thick and wrinkled skin,especially on the face, brisket, scrotum, tail and legs, presented with severe pruritus, poor condition andgeneralized unthriftiness. The animal was referred to the Veterinary Clinic of Shahid Bahonar University ofKerman. The vital signs and haematologic indices of the animal were normal. According to the history andclinical signs, mineral deficiencies, infestations with external parasites or endocrinopathy were suspected.Laboratory examinations of skin scrapings ruled out external parasites. Skin biopsy confirmed parakeratosis, which could be attributed to zinc deficiency. Zinc sulphate (250 mg, daily) was administered orally for 4 weeks. The clinical signs subsided after 4 weeks of treatment.}, keywords = {Ram,Zinc-responsive,Dermatosis,Alopecia,Parakeratosis}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2696.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2696_e3f7277b9abfefb316a83ea2d26d0b37.pdf} } @article { author = {Khoshnegah, J. and Jamshidi, Sh. and Rahbari, S. and Ashrafihalan, J.}, title = {A case report of notoedric mange infestation in a 3-month-old pointer}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {184-185}, year = {2007}, publisher = {Shiraz University}, issn = {1728-1997}, eissn = {2252-0589}, doi = {10.22099/ijvr.2007.2698}, abstract = {A 3-month-old short haired pointer with crusty local alopecia around the eyes was presented to SmallAnimal Hospital of Tehran University. Scraping and biopsy were obtained from lesions of affected area.Notoedres sp. was diagnosed in skin scraping by parasitologic examination. Furthermore, histopathology oflesions demonstrated moderate hyperplastic epidermis, parakeratosis and acanthosis.}, keywords = {Mange,Notoedres sp,dog}, url = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2698.html}, eprint = {https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2698_d65398aa35f3d00c4f7cfa52a99d24a3.pdf} }