A. K. Mishra Goat Health Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah-281122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India author N. Sharma Goat Health Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah-281122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India author A. Kumar Goat Health Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah-281122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India author N. Kumar Goat Health Division, Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah-281122, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India author M. R. Gundallahalli Bayyappa Project Directorate on Animal Disease Monitoring and Surveillance (PD-ADMAS), Hebbal-560024, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India author S. Kumar MVSc in Veterinary Bacteriology, Aquatic Animal Health and Environment Division, Kakdwip Research Centre (KRC) of Central Institute of Brackish Water Aquaculture, Kakdwip-743347, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India author N Kumar Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Navsari Agriculture University, Navsari-390450, Gujarat, India author text article 2014 eng In the present study, the therapeutic potential of bacteriophages virulent to Staphylococcus aureus associated with goat mastitis were isolated, identified and assessed. Staphylococcus aureus (host or indicator bacterium) was isolated from a goat suffering from clinical mastitis. Based on cultural, morphological, biochemical tests and amplification of S. aureus specific thermonuclease gene inPCR, the identity of the organism was confirmed as S. aureus. Bacteriophages were isolated from soil and faecal samples (n=42) collected from different parts of the Mathura district in Uttar Pradesh (India), and their identity was confirmed by amplification of the bacteriophage-specific endolysin gene fragment in PCR. The thermal tolerance study revealed that all phage isolates were stable at 30 and 40°C with 100% lytic efficacy and their activities reduced to 62-80% at 50°C declining sharply at 60°C with less than 5%efficacy. Likewise, at pH = 6.5 and 7.5, the survivability of all isolates was 100% which reduced to 70-79% and 84-91% at pH = 5.5 and 8.5, respectively. All isolates were stable up to 3 months at 37°C, and for 16 months at 4°C but the stability of their respective endolysins only lasted for 12-23 days at 37°C and 6 months at 4°C. Three of the bacteriophage isolates, S. aureus phage/CIRG/1, S. aureus phage/CIRG/4 and S. aureus phage/CIRG/5 exhibited lytic activity against over 80% of the staphylococcal isolates. The results of the present study provide insight for the use of lytic bacteriophages for therapeutic interventions against multi-drugresistant S. aureus inducing mastitis in goats. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 320 325 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2585_d66e00fe5da8ada87912d977e6560a13.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2585 Z. Moraveji DVM Student, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran author M. Tabatabaei Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran author H. Shirzad Aski Ph.D. Student in Bacteriology, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran author R. Khoshbakht Graduated from School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran author text article 2014 eng The staphylococci are important pathogenic bacteria causing various infections in animals and human. Hemolysin is one of the virulence factors of coagulase-positive (CPS) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). The aims of the study were to characterize hemolysins of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from human and bovine origin, phenotypic- and genotypically. Characterization of hemolysin phenotypically based on hemolysis pattern of Staphylococcus spp. was done on the sheep, horse and rabbit blood agar plates. Genes encoding hemolysin were amplified with specific primers by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)technique. Hemolytic activities phenotypically were determined in 60 and 90% of the total bovine and human isolates, respectively. All non hemolytic isolates were CNS (P≤0.05). In all isolates, hla and hld genes were determined by PCR amplification. None of the bovine and human isolates showed phenotypically and genotypically gamma hemolysin. The results from this study suggest that, in accordance with what is generally believed, some differences are apparent in hemolysin types among Staphylococcus strains ofbovine and human origin. Furthermore, this study showed that CNS can be important as new pathogens. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 326 330 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2586_7bb2a54cd30952c3383efbc2dedaea03.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2586 O. Ozmen Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey author S. Kul Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23119, Elazið, Turkey author E. O. Unal Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Namik Kemal University, 59030, Tekirdag, Turkey author text article 2014 eng The purpose of the study was to detect the AluI and DdeI polymorphisms within POU1F1 gene exon 6 and 3'UTR region in Turkish sheep breeds, and their association with milk productive traits. Jugular blood samples were collected from 50 Sakiz, 50 White Karaman, and 50 Awassi sheep using EDTA as an anticoagulant. PCR-RFLP and sequencing analysis were performed to investigate possible polymorphisms in the exon 6 and 3' flanking region of the sheep POU1F1 gene. The PCR products were digested with restriction endonuclease AluI and DdeI, and biallelic polymorphism was found with restriction endonuclease AluI and two genotypes (TT (296 bp and 173 bp) and CC (235 bp, 173 bp and 61 bp)) were detected. White Karaman and Awassi breeds did not show polymorphisms for AluI restriction sites. No polymorphism at the DdeI cleavage sites was detected in the three sheep breeds. Significant statistical results were found in milk yield (***P0.001), fat (***P0.001) and lactose (*P0.05) values with TT and CC genotypes, however no significant association of TT and CC genotypes with protein values was detected (P>0.05) and individualswith genotype TT had a superior milk yield in Sakiz sheep breeds. As sequence results, seven variation points were determined for exon 6 (g.185T>C) and 3'UTR (g.220G>A, g.229C>T, g.248C>T, g.250A>T, g.255T>C, g.258C>T) of the sheep POU1F1 gene. We have reported here for the first time single nucleotide polymorphisms of the POU1F1 gene for both exon 6 and 3'UTR and its effects on milk traits in Turkish sheep breeds were evaluated. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 331 335 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2587_997ff62d0a95c05124ad02ec0fee8ef2.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2587 F. Gharagozlou Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran author V. Akbarinejad Young Researchers and Elites Club, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran author R. Youssefi Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Theriogenology Association, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran author M. Masoudifard Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran author N. Hasani Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran author text article 2014 eng Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been observed to decrease with the development of hemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAFs) in mares. Two studies were conducted to evaluate AMH concentration in mares with HAFs compared to seasonally anoestrous and cyclic mares, and to elucidate changes of AMH with the development of luteinised unruptured follicles (LUFs). In study 1, AMH and progesterone were evaluated in seasonally anoestrous, anovulatory (with HAF) and cyclic mares (at mid luteal phase). In study 2, mares in control and LUF groups were treated with 1500 IU/case hCG when they had a ≥32-mm follicle and anendometrial oedema score of three (day 0). Mares in the control group received no further treatment. Mares in the LUF group received 1.7 mg/kg flunixin meglumine at the time of hCG administration, and 12, 24 and 36 h after it. Ultrasonography and blood collection for AMH and progesterone measurement were performed on days 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8. In study 1, AMH concentration was lower in seasonally anoestrous and HAF mares than cyclic mares (P0.05). In study 2, AMH was not different between LUF and control mares (P>0.05); however, progesterone had a lower concentration and a delayed rise after hCG administration in LUF mares compared with the control group (P معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 336 340 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2588_c14d608dda34370a4dacbca22889de0f.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2588 M. B. Gugjoo Division of Veterinary Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India author M. Hoque Division of Veterinary Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India author A. C. Saxena Division of Veterinary Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India author M. M. Shamsuz Zama Division of Veterinary Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India author S. Dey Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, India author text article 2014 eng Breed-wise standard echocardiographic values in dogs have been reported as there is variation in body and chest conformation which limits the application of data of one breed for other breed. Labrador Retrievers being originated from hunting dogs, might have different echocardiographic values from standard normal range of other dog breeds. So, the present study was aimed to determine the M-mode echocardiographic reference ranges in Labrador Retriever dogs and to evaluate the effect of body weight and gender onthese parameters. The data obtained were also compared with that of the other dog breeds. Conscious clinically healthy Labrador Retriever dogs (n=24) of both sexes were made the subject of the study. All the measurements were made from a right parasternal long axis left ventricular outflow tract view and the parameters measured were: left ventricular dimensions, left ventricular function, left ventricular volumes, left atrial and aortic root diameter and mitral valve parameters. Data obtained were also compared with thatavailable for other dog breeds. Significant correlation (P0.5); moderate for LVPWd, LVPWs, EPSS, EF Slope and SV (r=0.3 to 0.5); weak for EDV and ESV (r معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 341 346 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2589_834dd8d141f2d71347684c8632d8fe04.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2589 S. Roushan Zadeh Graduated from College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran author M. H. Eskandari Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran author S. S. Shekarforoush Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran author A. Hosseini Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran author text article 2014 eng Morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics were studied to identify dominant lactic acid bacteria (LAB), isolated from traditional yoghurts produced by tribes of Iran. From 60 yoghurt samples, a total of 137 LAB isolates were determined, in which 66 and 71 were identified as lactic acid cocci and bacilli, respectively. Biochemical tests showed the occurrence of 9.76% mesophilic homofermentative, 10.98% mesophilic hetrofermentative, 26.83% thermophilic homofermentative and 47.56% mesophilic homofermentative cocci. As for lactic acid bacilli, mesophilic facultative hetrofermentative (26%); thermophilic obligate homofermentative (56%); mesophilic obligate hetrofermentative (18%) were found. Genetically the presence of the following species were verified: E. faecium; E. faecalis; E. durans; L. lactis subsp. lactis; St. thermophilus; Lb. delbruecki subsp. bulgaricus; Lb. brevis; Lb. diolivorans; Lb. helveticus; Lb. jensenii; Lb. plantarum. 9% of the Lactobacillus isolates showed incompatible results between phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. From the cocci isolates, 38.46% showed identical results between phylogenetic characteristics. The current study constitutes the first step in the designing process of LAB starter cultures, to protect the typical organoleptic characteristics of traditional yoghurt. The results could also be used to introduce new starter cultures for commercial use. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 347 352 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2590_f5bf626fbb5d0fd1c5599a7e9deb995d.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2590 M. M. Abdelrahman Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia author R. S. Aljumaah Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia author text article 2014 eng A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding different levels of protein to black Baladi breed kids. Weanling Baladi kids (n=18; 75 to 90 days old) were selected and individually housed at our experimental farm. Kids were divided randomly to one of the three treatments for 12 weeks. The three dietary treatments were: T1: control ration, formulated according to NRC to cover the protein (level 1) and other nutrients requirements. T2: ration formulated to cover only 75% of protein (level 2) recommended by NRC. T3: control diet + 2.4 g undegradable methionine (Smartamine®)/day/kid (level 3). Feed intake, initial and monthly body weights were recorded. Blood samples were collected monthly and analyzed for metabolites and Co, Zn and Cu levels. Decreasing the dietary level of protein (T2) negatively affected (P معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 353 358 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2591_f65e64033791da90e1dec80418da4963.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2591 S. Bahrami Babaheydari MSc Student in Culture and Breeding of Aquatics, Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran author F. Paykan Heyrati Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran author M. Akhlaghi Aquatic Animal Health Unit, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran author S. Dorafshan Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran author text article 2014 eng The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of wood betony (WB), Stachys lavandulifolia extract on growth performance and some immune responses in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Different concentrations of the WB extract 0, 2, 4 and 8% (g per 100 g of diet) were added to commercial diet. Each treatment was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of fish having average initial weight of 44 ± 0.62 g for 10 weeks. The results showed that final weight, food conversion ratio, specific growth rate and condition factor were significantly improved by WB in a dose dependent manner, where the best growth parameters were achieved in the group of fish receiving the highest concentration of WB (P معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 359 363 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2592_076dc6571faf174ead11dd8c1f82cc98.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2592 P. Correia Ph.D. Student in Agrarian Sciences, Division of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agrarian Sciences, University of the Azores, CITA-A, 9701-851 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal author E. Baron Division of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agrarian Sciences, University of the Azores, CITA-A, 9701-851 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal author J. M. da Silva Division of Animal Reproduction, Department of Agrarian Sciences, University of the Azores, CITA-A, 9701-851 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal author O. Cortés Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain author text article 2014 eng To clarify the genetic relationships among the Lidia breed lineages and two main Portuguese Lidia bovine populations, Casta Portuguesa and Brava dos Açores, 24 autosomal microsatellites were analyzed in 120 samples. Brava dos Açores showed the highest observed and expected heterozygosity (0.73 and 0.70, respectively) while Casta Portuguesa showed the lowest observed and expected heterozygosity (0.51 and 0.50, respectively). The results of this study were compared with the previous microsatellites datafrom the main Lidia bovine lineages. Casta Portuguesa was the most genetically isolated Lidia bovine population as revealed by the average FST genetic distance value with respect to the other lineages (32%). All the populations of Portuguese Lidia had negative FIS values. The Neighbour-joining dendrogram grouped Casta Portuguesa in the same branch with Miura, which was supported by the STRUCTURE software. The results evidenced low levels of genetic diversity and high levels of genetic differentiation in CastaPortuguesa and high levels of genetic diversity in Brava dos Açores populations, probably due to the crossbreeding of different bovine lineages at origin, and genetic flow among herds. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 364 369 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2593_f94c67cda7d4ff95fdaa75331b183fd8.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2593 H. Sharifi Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran author S. Tabatabaei Ph.D. Student in Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran author H. Rashidi Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Kerman Veterinary Office, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Kerman, Iran author S. Kazeminia Kerman Veterinary Office, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Kerman, Iran author F. Sabbagh Kerman Veterinary Office, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Kerman, Iran author P. Khajooei Kerman Veterinary Office, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Kerman, Iran; MSc Student, Department of Microbiology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran author M. Karamouzian Research Center for Health Services Management, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran author O. Nekouei Ph.D. Student in Epidemiology, Centre for Veterinary Epidemiological Research, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada author M. Adeli Sardooei Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran author L. Leontides Laboratory of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Animal Health Economics, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece author text article 2014 eng This cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate seroprevalence and to identify flock-level factors associated with seropositivity to brucellosis in small ruminants in Kerman province, southeastern Iran. In October-November 2011, serum samples were randomly collected from 1767 sheep and 1233 goats, older than 18 months, from 300 flocks. The sera were initially screened for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies using the Rose-Bengal test; those found to be positive were then examined by Wright and2-mercaptoethanol Brucella agglutination tests. A questionnaire was used to collect data on flock-level factors likely associated with the within flock seroprevalence of brucellosis. The associations were statistically evaluated for significance in multivariable logistic models. Sixty three flocks (21.00%; 95% CI: 16.80-26.60) had at least one seropositive animal. The mean within-flock seroprevalence was 3.10% (95% CI: 2.60-3.90). The presence of newly purchased animals (OR=3.42; 95% CI: 1.35-8.65) was significantly associated with seropositivity. Our findings highlight the role of animal movement among flocks in the epidemiology of brucellosis in this region. Thus, a control program for brucellosis in the region is suggested to impose appropriate restrictions on animal trade and improve knowledge of livestock owners about quarantine principles for newly purchased animals. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 370 374 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2594_79e4ff82c1cf39fe001615c5d82b91f6.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2594 S. Ghuman Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India author M. Honparkhe Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India author J. Singh Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India author text article 2014 eng The objective of the present study was to compare the impact of ovsynch and progesterone-based ovulation synchronization protocol on ovarian response and conception in buffalo (n=19) exhibiting subestrus during low-breeding season (maximum ambient temperatures and relative humidity ranging from 36-45°C and 30-80%, respectively). Group I buffalo (n=10) were administered ovsynch protocol (d 0 and d 9, 20 μg Buserelin acetate; d 7, 500 μg Cloprostenol sodium; i.m.) followed by AI on days 9 and 10. During the same period, another group of buffalo (n=9) were administered intravaginal progesterone (1.38 g) for 10 days along with the administration (i.m.) of 500 μg Cloprostenol sodium on day 9 and 20 μg Buserelin acetate on day 11, followed by AI on days 12 and 13. With ovsynch, all the buffalo ovulated in response to 1st GnRH and had functional CL (plasma progesterone, 1.61±0.23 ng/ml; corpus luteum, CL, 11.36±0.67 mm) on day 7. Thereafter, subsequent to 2nd GnRH, five buffalo ovulated within 24 h and the remaining five between 24 to 48 h. In comparison, with progesterone-based protocol, a better synchronization of ovulation (P معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 375 378 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2595_4b14f2445c1998c4a215e772d2f2ef3a.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2595 A. Rezaie Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran author D. Gharibi Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran author M. Ghorbanpoor Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran author S. Anbari Graduated from Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran author M. Pourmahdi Broojeni Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran author text article 2014 eng In order to assess the immunopathological effects of aqueous Echinacea purpurea extract (EPE) on mice experimentally challenged with Pasteurella multocida serotype A, forty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups. The groups included a control group (received sterile distilled water 2 times/week for 2 weeks, intraperitoneally and then 100 μl sterile saline intranasally), a PMA group (received sterile distilled water as the control group and after 2 weeks, 5.6 × 103 CFU/ml of P. multocida serotype A, intranasally), an EPE+PMA group (received E. purpurea extract intraperitoneally 2 times/week for 2 weeks and then challenged as the PMA group) and an EPE group (received E. purpurea extract as EPE+PMA group and then 100 μl sterile saline intranasally). After 24 and 48 h post challenge, half of the animals in each group were sacrificed and analyzed for bacterial counts in their lungs and livers, TNFα serum levels and histapathological changes. The results showed significant differences in lung bacterial counts between PMA and EPE+PMA groups. TNFα serum level was significantly higher in the PMA group. Histopathologicalexamination revealed infiltration of neutrophils in alveolar septa and hyperemia in the PMA group. In addition, the criteria of bronchopneumonia were partially recovered in the EPE+PMA compared to the PMA group. According to the results, it seems that E. purpurea extract has an immunomodulatory effect and can be used to prevent or control of pneumonia caused by Pasteurella. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 379 384 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2596_b43fc8eb98481669fe351f3d0bada917.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2596 S. M. Hashemi Department of Animal Science, Qom Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Qom, Iran author T. C. Loh Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;Department of Animal Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia author H. L. Foo Bioprocess Department, Faculty of Biotechnology, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia author I. Zulkifli Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;Department of Animal Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia author M. Hair-Bejo Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia author text article 2014 eng This study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary putrescine (PUT) on broiler’s response fed low crude protein (CP) diets. A total of 192 male day old chicks were fed with four dietary treatments including two levels of PUT (0 and 0.03%) and two levels of CP (normal and low) with factorial combinations. Weekly growth performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology (at the age of 21 days) and liver and intestinal tissue polyamines content were measured. As a result of this study lower dietary CP had a significant (Penergy efficiency ratio (EER) significantly (Pon EER in chicks fed CP-deficient diet, indicating possible involvement of PUT in energy metabolism. PUT supplementation did not moderate the reduced BWG of the chicks fed low protein. Intestinal and liver polyamine concentration was mainly affected by dietary CP and age of the birds rather than dietary PUT. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 385 391 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2597_e7c5503218e9703bf0fbb06e497e6275.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2597 Z. Moradi Graduated from Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran author S. Azizi Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran author R. Hobbenaghi Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran author text article 2014 eng A common cause of peripheral nerve injury is trauma. The positive effect of antioxidants on the improvement of nerve regeneration has currently become a focus of attention. In this experiment, the effect of intraperitoneal administration of ubiquinone (CoQ10) on an acute experimentally sciatic nerve crush was studied in a rat model. Forty-five male Wistar rats, weighing between 160-180 g were used. The rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups (n=20). Each group was further subdivided into four subgroups of five animals each. Functional studies confirmed the faster recovery of regenerated axons in the treatment group compared to the un-treated group (P معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 392 396 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2598_91ca70d2b7c62c93b4b9c257fd97e377.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2598 E. Balikci Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey author M. Al Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fýrat University, 23119 Elazýð, Turkey author text article 2014 eng The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the serum concentrations of haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and IgG, IgA in calves with diarrhea caused by rotavirus, coronavirus, Escherichia coli F5 and Eimeria species. The experiment was carried out on 40 diarrhoeic and 10 non-diarrhoeic calves (group C). A total of 13 calves were infected with rotavirus or coronavirus (group V), 12 calves with E. coli F5 (group B) and 15 calves with Eimeria species (group P). SAA and Hp levels of calves in groups V, B and P were statistically higher than group C (P معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 397 401 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2599_d8408eba04214b07cd1e79c9ba15a0e7.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2599 T. Shafighi Department of Microbiology and Genetics, College of Basic Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran author T. Zahraei Salehi Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran author G. Abdollahpour Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran author L. Asadpour Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran author H. Akbarein Member of the Iranian Epidemiological Association (IrEA), Tehran, Iran author A. Salehzadeh Department of Microbiology and Genetics, College of Basic Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran author text article 2014 eng Leptospirosis is a zoonosis of worldwide distribution, caused by Leptospira interrogans and is considered as an emerging global public health problem. Transmission usually results from direct or indirect exposure to the urine or other body fluids of leptospiruric animals which may become a source of infection for human or other animals. Having a humid climate with plenty of annual rainfall, Guilan province is a suitable environment for maintaining Leptospira spp. Hence, early detection of Leptospira spp. in the hostprompts control and protection, and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a suitable method. The present report aimed to demonstrate the PCR analysis of bovine urine for detection of leptospiral DNA. A total of 98 urine samples were randomly collected from cattle bladder in Rasht abattoir of Iran and the presence of leptospiral DNA was assayed by PCR amplification of rrs (16S rRNA) gene and the results confirmed by nested PCR. Out of 98 urine samples in 42 samples leptospires DNA was identified with the frequency of 43%. The high presence of the organism in the urine of carriers is a serious threat to the dairy farms and to the public health which requires an effective control measure in the north provinces of Iran. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 402 405 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2600_ce9308c4f3020071415890ee7314e013.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2600 R. Deb Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt. Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India author U. Singh Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt. Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India author S. Kumar Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt. Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India author R. Singh Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt. Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India author G. Sengar Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt. Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India author A. Sharma Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt. Meerut-250 001, Uttar Pradesh, India author text article 2014 eng The aim of the present study was to screen the genotype profile of bovine kappa-casein gene among Frieswal (HF × Sahiwal) crossbred cattle developed in India. A total number of two hundred Frieswal cows were evaluated for HinfI RFLP based genotyping of kappa-casein gene. We observed that only two genotypes (AA and AB) exist among the studied population with the genotype frequency of 0.58 (n=117) and 0.42 (n=83), respectively. The calculated allele frequency for A and B was 0.79 and 0.21, respectively. Association of genotypes with certain milk production traits revealed that AB had significant (P معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 406 408 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2601_18b22995c1a795477d7151e195d49a93.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2601 R. Nazari Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran author H. Godarzi Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran author F. Rahimi Baghi Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran author M. Moeinrad Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran author text article 2014 eng Milk is considered a nutritious food because it contains several important nutrients including proteins and vitamins. Conversely, it can be a vehicle for several pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of genes encoding the nine Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) and enterotoxin gene profiles in S. aureus isolates derived from raw bovine milk. A total of 52 S. aureus isolates were obtained from 246 milk samples of 246 dairy cows from eight different farms in Qom, Iran. On the basis of cultural and biochemical properties as well as by amplification of the 23S rRNA specific to S. aureus, all isolates could be identified as S. aureus. Of the 52 isolates studied, 80.7% were positive for one or more genes encoding the enterotoxins, and 12 different genotypes were identified. The gene encoding for enterotoxin A (Sea) was the most frequent (16 isolates, 30.7%), followed by Seb (14 isolates, 26.9%) and Sed (8 isolates, 15.37%). Among the genes encoding the other enterotoxins, Seg and Seh were the most frequently observed (8 isolates each, 15.38%), followed by Sej (6 isolates, 11.5%) and Sei (1 isolates, 3.84%). With the recent identification of new SEs, the frequency of enterotoxigenic strains has increased, suggesting that the pathogenic potential of Staphylococci may be higher than previously thought. These results of enterotoxin genes positivity of milkderived Staphylococci constitute a potential risk for consumers’ health. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 409 412 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2602_c0934d7608a2bbdd68bb66c26b4ae816.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2602 S. Pinna Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Bologna, Italy author V. Cella Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Bologna, Italy author text article 2014 eng A traumatic coxofemoral luxation was diagnosed in a 15-month-old European neutered male cat, and on the basis of the radiographic evaluation a closed reduction was performed. Consequently, the cat was presented at the University of Bologna because of the failure of the treatment. A supplementary radiographic exam revealed the concomitant avulsion of the greater trochanter, consequently surgical management of the coxofemoral luxation was attempted successfully. Therefore, correct planning of the radiographic examination should be considered to prevent possible mistakes. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 413 415 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2603_1fcac8ebeee40a22c44162fa052d3e4d.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2603 M. Kibar Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyzstan Turkey Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan author C. Evereklioğlu Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey author Z. Doğan Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey author text article 2014 eng The aim of this study was to report a new cause of cataract, namely snake bite induced cataract in a dog. A 3-year-old male mongrel dog was referred to our clinic for the assessment of cataract in both eyes. The dog was bitten by a snake nearly 4 months ago. A 40 dioptre acrylic lens with 13 mm haptics was implanted into the lens capsule. In the left eye, posterior synechia was detected in the temporal part of the iris, but decentration of the intraocular lens was not observed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bilateral cataract caused by ophidism and treated by surgical intervention in a dog. معاونت پژوهشی‌ دانشگاه شیراز 1728-1997 15 v. 4 no. 2014 416 419 https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2604_c16ab4375c10d51f4e38b0dc7230f51f.pdf dx.doi.org/10.22099/ijvr.2014.2604