Shiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Evaluation of the effect of tamoxifen citrate on model of osteoporosis in dog: biomechanical and histopathological studies15264110.22099/ijvr.2006.2641ENS. SaifzadehDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Urmia, Urmia, IranA. DerakhshanfarDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, IranJournal Article20060930The effect of tamoxifen citrate on bone mass in immobilization osteoporosis was studied in 10 dogs.<br />Osteoporosis was induced by fiberglass cast immobilization of the right hind-limb for 28 days, while the left<br />hind-limb served as a non-immobilized control. Five dogs received tamoxifen citrate (1.5 mg/kg per os) once daily for 28 days; five dogs received no treatment. All dogs were euthanized on day 28 and tibiae were<br />harvested. Bone biomechanical properties and microscopic structures of tibiae from casted and uncasted<br />limbs were studied. Significant differences in the percent of decreased values of examined mechanical<br />properties were found between untreated and tamoxifen-treated dogs. No remarkable histopathological<br />changes indicative of osteoporosis were detected in the tibiae of casted limb of tamoxifen-treated dogs. These findings indicated that short term tamoxifen therapy may have promising effects on prevention of<br />osteoporosis in dog.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2641_90e851dbafeaa7369638282823b9db62.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Vitellogenin assay by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a biomarker of endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) pollution612264210.22099/ijvr.2006.2642ENM. EbrahimiDepartment of Physiology, Green Research Center, University of Qom, Qom, IranJournal Article20060930There are increasing evidences that show many xenobiotic chemicals (called as endocrine disruptor<br />chemicals EDCs) through interfering with endocrine system, have the capability to induce developmental<br />and reproductive abnormalities in humans and animals. The yolk protein precursor vitellogenin (VTG) has<br />proved to be a simple and sensitive biomarker for assessing exposure of fish to EDCs especially the<br />estrogenic compounds. Work is ongoing to develop screening and testing programmes for endocrine<br />disrupting effects of new chemicals, and in the focus of this development are the fish test species common<br />carp (Cyprinous carpio). In this study we have developed quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent<br />assays (ELISA) for VTG in common carp. The working range of the ELISA was 11.25 to 2,000 ng/ml (25-<br />75% specific binding/maximum antibody binding [B/B0]) with a 50% B/B0 intra- and interassay variation<br />of 3.9% (n = 10) and 12.5% (n = 30), respectively. This ELISA is capable of detecting VTG as low as 6<br />ng/ml, and can accurately detect VTG in even 10 μl of plasma. The ELISA was applied to measurement of<br />VTG production by male carp (Cyprinous carpio, Cyprinidae) fish exposed to ethynylestradiol. The results<br />showed that the amount of VTG produced in plasma of exposed fish increased in logarithmic order<br />comparing to the control group and the ELISA described here could be used as an indicator of water<br />pollution to estrogenic pollutants.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2642_ee5b8193cd098b256723c799a24db4fa.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Identification of excretory-secretory products from larval stages of Ostertagia circumcincta cultured in vitro by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting1316264310.22099/ijvr.2006.2643ENA. R. AlborziDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IranM. R. Seyfiabad ShapouriDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IranN. Hoghooghi RadDepartment of Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine Specialized Sciences, Islamic Azad
University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20060930Exsheathing fluid (EF) and excretory-secretory products (ES) of infective third-stage cultured larvae of<br />Ostertagia circumcincta were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDSPAGE). Five and seven predominant proteins were found in the EF and ES products, respectively. Immunoblotting by sheep pre-infection serum did not react with any of the EF and ES proteins, but the postinfection serum recognized four proteins of 44.5, 41.5, 38 and 24 kDa of the ES products. None of the EF products was recognized by the post-infection serum. Protectivity of the four proteins remains to be determined.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2643_9fbefe637b2f2e45f2999d644a0471bf.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Preliminary studies on reproductive activities of local Abadeh does, Fars province, southern Iran1722264410.22099/ijvr.2006.2644ENM. EmadyDepartment of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, IranN. AhmadiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, IranM. KafiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, IranA. MirzaeiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20060930No published information are available on the reproductive indices of local Abadeh does reared in<br />northern Fars province, southern Iran. This study was conducted to determine the duration of the breeding<br />season, and the length and duration of the oestrous cycle. Twenty single parity 2-year-old does from Abadeh<br />(weighing 19–26 kg) were purchased and transferred to the School of Veterinary Medicine of University of<br />Shiraz. They had access to alfalfa hay, water ad libitum and natural light. Vasectomised teaser buck was<br />turned with the flock and observation was made every 12 hrs during the day for standing heat detection, from late-August (2003) to late-August (2004). To determine the onset of reproductive activity as well as<br />occurrence of silent oestrus, blood samples were collected from jugular vein every 10 days. Following the<br />onset of breeding season and observation of standing heat, 10 does were randomly selected in their 2nd<br />oestrous cycle for twice weekly blood sampling. Serum progesterone concentration was determined using a<br />commercial radioimmunoassay kit. It was found that silent oestrus occurs mostly in early breeding season.<br />The first standing heat was observed in mid-September which was considered as the onset of breeding<br />season. Occurrence of standing oestrus increased through October, November and December. The peak of<br />standing oestrus was recorded during late-October to early, mid-November. The mean ± SD duration of the<br />oestrous cycle was 19.7 ± 1.1 days and the mean ± SD length of oestrus was 23.8 ± 12.3 hrs. The mean<br />(±SD) concentrations of serum progesterone in days 0 (day of standing heat) to 4, varied between 0.1 and 0.8<br />ng/ml. Concentrations of progesterone during the luteal phase varied between 2.7 and 3.9 ng/ml. The results<br />of progesterone assay during oestrous cycle indicate that the follicular and luteal phases last about 4–5 days<br />and 14 days, respectively. In conclusion, oestrus activity in local Abadeh does is highly seasonal with a peak<br />of activity being observed during the late-October to the end of November.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2644_19eeef77bf26cd196f1920dc36e321d8.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901A comparison between the effects of a probiotic (Bioplus 2B) and an antibiotic (virginiamycin) on the performance of broiler chickens under heat stress condition2328264510.22099/ijvr.2006.2645ENSh. RahimiDepartment of Poultry Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modarres University of Tehran, Tehran, IranA. KhaksefidiDepartment of Poultry Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modarres University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20060930An experiment was conducted on 400 broilers to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of<br />antibiotic and probiotic on performance of birds under heat stress condition. The first group of chickens, the<br />control group, received a diet without any antibiotic and probiotic. The second group received diet with<br />0.02% virginiamycin antibiotic; the two other groups were fed diets with 0.05% and 0.1% Bioplus 2B<br />probiotic, respectively. The addition of antibiotic to the diet significantly improved body weight gain during<br />0–3 and 4–6 weeks (heat stress) periods as compared to the control and 0.05% probiotic-supplemented<br />groups (P<0.05). Feed intake of different groups did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Addition of antibiotic<br />or various levels of probiotic to the diet significantly improved feed conversion ratio during 4–6 weeks (heat<br />stress) period as compared to the control group (P<0.05). Supplementation of diet with antibiotic had no<br />significant effect on antibody production against sheep red blood cells (SRBC), Newcastle disease virus<br />(NDV) vaccine, white blood cell (WBC) count, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (H/L), serum cholesterol and<br />haemoglobin content (P>0.05). Supplementation of diet with various levels of probiotic had no significant<br />effect on antibody titer against SRBC, NDV vaccine and haemoglobin content (P>0.05). However,<br />supplementation of diet with 0.1% probiotic significantly increased WBC count and decreased H/L as<br />compared to the control group (P<0.05) which is important in reduction of stress effects on birds.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2645_d7784486e4f7418b9d4eee0b5733c05e.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Cadmium as an etiology of sperm dysfunction in Holstein bulls2936264610.22099/ijvr.2006.2646ENM. ArabiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, IranJournal Article20060930Oxidative stress has been identified as a crucial factor leading to male infertility largely due to peroxidative<br />damage to the sperm cell membrane. Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental pollutant and one<br />of the well-known reproductive toxicants. Because of its long biological half-life (10–30 years), Cd<br />accumulates in the biological systems. The present study was designed to assess the concentration-dependent in vitro effect of 20 to 700 μM of Cd on the membrane integrity, motility, and acrosomal status of Holstein bull spermatozoa. We recorded a significant elevation in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level, increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) rate and a drastic decrease in the spermatocrit values, especially at the 700 μM concentration of Cd, indicating deleterious effects of Cd on the intactness of the sperm membrane. There was also a negative correlation between the LPO rate and both the percentage of motile spermatozoa (r = -0.89) and sperm viability (r = -0.86). Performing the gelatin test indicated that Cd altered the integrity of acrosomal membranes and showed an abnormal acrosome reaction. In this regard, a reverse correlation was found between the LPO rate and the percentage of halos (r = -0.96). In conclusion, Cd was proved to be a potential toxicant in the category of environmental factors that induced membrane impairments, lowered motility and viability, and decreased rate of acrosome reactions leading to bull sperm dysfunction.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2646_1145e603ef436aeec8e486ad1f798e6c.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Pathogenicity and haemagglutinin gene sequence analysis of Iranian avian influenza H9N2 viruses isolated during (1998–2001)3741264710.22099/ijvr.2006.2647ENM. KianizadehDepartment of Veterinary Research and Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Mashhad, IranS. A. PourbakhshDepartment of Research and Diagnosis of Avian Diseases, Razi Vaccine and Serum
Research Institute, Karadj, IranR. ToroghiDepartment of Veterinary Research and Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Mashhad, IranR. MomayezDepartment of Research and Diagnosis of Avian Diseases, Razi Vaccine and Serum
Research Institute, Karadj, IranJournal Article20060930Sixteen avian influenza (AI) H9N2 viruses were isolated from disease outbreaks in different parts of Iran<br />during (1998–2001). These AI isolates were used for pathogenicity, haemagglutinin (HA) gene variation and<br />phylogenetic analysis. Results in both pathogenicity tests and HA gene cleavage site sequence detection<br />represented a non-highly pathogenic feature for all Iranian AI isolates studied. The cleavage site motif (R-SS-R) of all AI isolates however, indicated that they had capability of becoming highly pathogenic viruses<br />following 2 nucleotide substitutions at this region. Based on 450 nucleotides region obtained for local<br />isolates and those for referenced viruses available in Gene Bank database used in phylogenetic analysis, all<br />viruses placed on 3 distinct groups, 2 for Iranian and 1 for reference viruses. Among the reference AI viruses, isolates from Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and 1 from Germany showed less differences with Iranian AI isolates. Results also revealed that the circulating viruses in neighbouring provinces have been remained with less mutation for about 2 years.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2647_86d0496df69e9ff4bff7394d22a08b00.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Seasonal changes of pronephros lymphoid tissue in grass carp (Ctenopharingodon idella): a histometrical and histological study4249264810.22099/ijvr.2006.2648ENH. MorovvatiDepartment of Histology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz,
IranN. AlboghobeishDepartment of Histology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz,
IranA. NooriHead of Ultrastructure Center, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karadj, IranA. RasekhDepartment of Statistics, Faculty of Computer and Mathematic Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20060930The major lymphoid tissues in teleost fish are the kidneys, thymus, spleen and mucosa-associated<br />lymphoid tissue including the skin, gills and intestine. The head of kidney (pronephros) is an important<br />haematopoietic organ and has morphological similarities with the bone marrow in higher vertebrates. In this<br />study, during 12 months from August 2002 to July 2003, 120 grass carp (10 fish/month) were harvested from 3 fish culture ponds in Ahvaz. The water, weather temperatures and light duration of days (photoperiod) were recorded. After biometrical examination of age, weight and the length of the fishes, the whole kidneys were removed from abdominal cavity and samples were fixed in bouin’s solution for light microscopy and in glutaraldehyde for electron microscopy. The results showed that the lymphoid tissue distribution has significant changes during different seasons so that, the mean ± SEM of lymphoid tissue distribution in hot seasons (33.53 ± 0.59 mm2/cm2) was more than cold seasons (19.20 ± 0.65 mm2/cm2). Also the statistical results showed that water temperature has more significant (P<0.05) effect on lymphoid tissue. Degenerated lymphoid cells with pale and vacuolated cytoplasm were observed. A reversed correlation was found between the number of normal and degenerated lymphocytes. Electron microscopy revealed that degenerated lymphocytes were devoid of membranous organelles, their cytoplasms were vacuolated and the nuclear envelope had some alterations.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2648_00eb7316897cb2a17095b2a029e996e3.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Polymerase chain reaction typing of Pasteurella multocida capsules isolated in Iran5055264910.22099/ijvr.2006.2649ENA. R. JabbariDepartment of Veterinary Aerobic Bacterial Vaccines, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karadj,
IranM. EsmaelzadehDepartment of Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karadj, IranGh. R. Moazeni Jula1Department of Veterinary Aerobic Bacterial Vaccines, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karadj,
IranJournal Article20060930Capsules from a range of pathogenic bacteria are the key determinants of virulency. The capsule has<br />been implicated in virulence of Pasteurella multocida. In this study a type-specific polymerase chain reaction<br />(PCR) assay was used for capsular typing of 39 avian P. multocida isolates from Iran. The PCR amplified a<br />fragment of 1044 bp from all of tested isolates. It was found that all avian P. multocida isolates belonged to<br />capsular type A. The sequence alignment of the fragment showed a high similarity (>96%) with the<br />published sequences of P. multocida hya gene in the Gene Bank. It was recognised that P. multocida capsular<br />group A is the dominant cause of fowl cholera in Iran.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2649_272739622056ade4f6ec88f23c87a26f.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Immunization of lambs with whole body Echinococcus granulosus5659265010.22099/ijvr.2006.2650ENG. R. HashemitabarDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad,
IranG. R. RazmiDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad,
Iran0000-0002-0754-1278A. NaghibiDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20060930We conducted this study to determine the level of immunity after vaccination of lambs with whole body<br />Echinococcus granulosus. To do so, 200 mature E. granulosus parasites, which were kept in 10% formaline<br />for 8 months, were obtained from the Department of Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi<br />University of Mashhad. The soluble protein of the parasite was prepared. The sample was homogenized in a<br />blender, sonicated on ice and then centrifugated for 15 min at 10,000 g. Final yield was kept at -20ºC until<br />used. Eight 4–6-month-old lambs of mixed sex, were divided into 2 equal groups; each lamb in the test group<br />was vaccinated subcutaneously in the neck with 2 ml of the vaccine (1 mg of whole body of E. granulosus<br />protein dissolved in 1 ml of PBS plus 1 ml of Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA)). The control lambs were<br />vaccinated only with adjuvant in PBS. Lambs were re-vaccinated four weeks after the first vaccination with<br />the same preparation except that FCA was replaced by Freund’s incomplete adjuvant (FIA). Three weeks<br />later, each lamb was administered a challenge infection dose of 2000 protoscolices intraperitoneally and 10<br />adult E. granulosus. After 7 months, all lambs were killed and examined for hydatid cysts. We found two<br />cysts in the liver and and one in the lung of only one of the vaccinated lambs. The number of cysts in<br />vaccinated lambs were significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.001). This means that the<br />protective immunity in lambs with whole body of E. granulosus was approximately 90%.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2650_f731c78e80e2e73cd8e38a110059d83e.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Veterinarians and dairy nutrition management: basic concepts and design-it-yourself—a veterinary-oriented ration evaluation program6067265110.22099/ijvr.2006.2651ENK. SharifiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20060930Veterinarians increasingly play a major contributory role in dairy practice and management. With<br />increasing importance of economical pressures, bioenvironmental limits and increasing demand for higher<br />quality products, veterinarians are more involved in nutrition management and advice, both from an<br />economical view of productivity and preventive aspects of veterinary medicine. The concept of food animal<br />production medicine is the hallmark of such a change from purely diagnosis and treating sick cows to design<br />strategies for disease prevention and economical profitability. One of the essential parts of the new role is to<br />have a good command of nutritional concepts and acquaintance with ration formulation procedures and also<br />softwares. It appears that the available ration formulation softwares are insufficient in view of estimating<br />necessary criteria for dairy practitioners. Moreover, the release of new edition of NRC and subsequent<br />modification of software programs for ration formulation always lag behind the generation of new<br />knowledge in dairy nutrition. This article describes the basic nutritional concepts, as well as a practical<br />approach to design a ration evaluation program based on Microsoft® Excel. The program can be designed in a profession-oriented approach.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2651_f6b32cf4c7d25b50049b2b43de03be2d.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Epidemiology of Paramphistomiasis in buffaloes under different managemental conditions at four districts of Punjab province, Pakistan6872265210.22099/ijvr.2006.2652ENU. Javed KhanDepartment of Zoology, University of Punjab, Lahore, PakistanT. AkhtarDepartment of Zoology, University of Punjab, Lahore, PakistanA. MaqboolDepartment of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, PakistanA. AneesDepartment of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, PakistanJournal Article20060930Epidemiological studies were undertaken at slaughter-houses, livestock farms, veterinary hospitals and<br />on household buffaloes under climatic conditions of four different districts of Punjab province. Infection rate<br />was 22.29, 28.33, 17.08 and 12.75%, respectively in slaughter-house buffaloes, livestock farm buffaloes,<br />veterinary hospital buffaloes and household buffaloes. Overall the season wise the highest prevalence<br />(28.33%) was recorded in buffaloes at livestock farms followed by slaughtered (22.29%) and veterinary<br />hospital buffaloes (17.08%). While the lowest (12.75%) prevalence was recorded in household buffaloes<br />during spring. It was also observed that the higher infection rate was recorded in younger buffaloes (below<br />two years of age) than older (above two years of age) where as sex wise the prevalence indicated that male<br />buffaloes were more commonly affected than females. Snails belonging to genera Bulinus, Lymnaea and<br />Planorbis were also observed which are responsible for the transmission of paramphistomiasis.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2652_04e0bc62aff87324d4d19c09236db53b.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Comparison of Dot-ELISA with microbial culture for detection of Brucella spp. in clinical specimens7375265310.22099/ijvr.2006.2653ENM. GhorbanpoorDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran15052854400 (Scopus)M. R. Seyfiabad ShapouriDepartment of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IranS. GoraninejadDepartment of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of
Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IranE. JalaliGraduated from School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz,
Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20060930Definitive diagnosis of brucellosis is made by isolation of the causative agents, which is a timeconsuming<br />procedure. To evaluate the efficacy of Dot-ELISA for detecting brucellae in clinical samples, 94<br />different specimens taken from animal origin were cultured on brucella selective culture media and colonies<br />were identified biochemically. The specimens were also examined after centrifugation by Dot-ELISA using a<br />specific anti-brucella antibody, a suitable peroxidase conjugate and substrate. Of the 94 samples, 5 (5.31%)<br />were positive in Dot-ELISA and 4 (4.25%) had positive cultures. In comparison with culture, the sensitivity<br />and specificity of Dot-ELISA for detection of brucellae in the samples was 80 and 100%, respectively. There<br />was 98.9% agreement between the two tests. The results indicated that Dot-ELISA is a good and rapid test<br />with acceptable sensitivity and specificity for detection of Brucella spp. in aborted fetal stomach contents.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2653_f62a0bf466a8f7a826ea25e2105277f4.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Prevalence of bacterial mastitis in cattle from the farms around Tehran7679265410.22099/ijvr.2006.2654ENN. AtyabiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranM. VodjganiDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranF. GharagozlooDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranA. BahonarDepartment of Food Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20060930To determine the prevalence of bacterial mastitis in cattle, milk samples positive for California mastitis<br />test (CMT) were cultured during a period of almost 4 years. The bacterial species isolated from 2904 milk<br />samples studied were coagulase negative Staphylococcus sp. in 879 (30.27%) samples, Streptococcus<br />agalactiae in 642 (22.11%), S. dysgalactiae in 332 (11.43%), E. coli in 295 (10.16%), Staphylococcus aureus<br />in 84 (2.89%), Bacillus cereus in 51 (1.76%), Arcanobacterium pyogenes in 31 (1.07%), Pseudomonas<br />aeruginosa in 6 (0.21%), Klebsiella pneumoniae in 4 (0.14%), Pasteurella multocida in 1 (0.03%) and<br />Mycoplasma sp. in another (0.03%) sample. No growth was found in 578 samples (19.90%). Thirty-one<br />(37%) of 84 animals which were infected with S. aureus, had acute infection. We found that contamination<br />of milk with coagulase negative staphylococci are the most frequent bacterial infection in dairy cattle around<br />Tehran; it mostly causes subacute form of the disease. S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae and E. coli are the<br />second, third and the fourth causative agents.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2654_2f42d7223248d81c919972a322081a2b.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Seroepidemiology of Newcastle disease in domestic village chickens of plain areas of Isfahan province, central Iran8084265510.22099/ijvr.2006.2655ENM. BouzariDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-2716-4692R. Mousavi MorekaniIsfahan Veterinary
Network, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20060930Newcastle disease is one of the most important diseases of poultry. It usually causes a great loss in<br />poultry industry and domestic village chickens. Since domestic chickens in villages are free ranging for food,<br />the chance of their contact with wild birds that may act as reservoirs is high. To determine the role of<br />domestic chickens in the epizootiology of Newcastle disease virus in villages of Isfahan province, 400 serum<br />samples from chickens with no history of vaccination from four regions (Khomeinishahr, Zarinshahr,<br />Falavarjan and Mobarekeh) were collected in summers of (1998) and (1999). Haemagglutination inhibition<br />(HI) test was used for titration of antibodies against Newcastle disease virus. Chi-square and binomial tests<br />were used for statistical analyses. 69.5 and 68.5% of the sera were positive in the two consecutive seasons<br />(P>0.05). About 25% of 3–4 month- and 1–2-year-old chickens were negative for HI antibodies and thus<br />were sensitive to the disease in each season. Significant correlation was observed between the HI antibody<br />titers and the age of the chickens (Pindependent to the prevalence of the disease in industrial poultry flocks in each region and all regions<br />studied. It was concluded that about 35% of the domestic village chickens are protected against virulent<br />strains of Newcastle disease in summer. For protection of the remaining chickens, routine vaccination,<br />especially in spring and summer is suggested.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2655_3f70f8d272cc8a7bc11fce16fdb6e71f.pdfShiraz UniversityIranian Journal of Veterinary Research1728-19977320060901Serologic evidence of bluetongue infection in onehumped camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Kerman province, Iran8587265610.22099/ijvr.2006.2656ENS. MahdaviDepartment of Virology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karadj, IranK. KhedmatiDepartment of Virology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karadj, IranL. Pishraft SabetDepartment of Virology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karadj, IranJournal Article20060930Herein, we presented the first report on bluetongue (BT) disease in 10 pregnant camels in a herd from<br />Kerman province, Iran. All sera samples were tested serologically (AGID, C-ELISA). We also used the Razi-<br />BK cell line, performed primary culture of ovine kidney and inoculated intravenously the embryonated<br />chicken eggs (ECE) to culture and isolate the BT virus. Efforts to culture and isolation of BT virus have met<br />with very limited success. Following precipitation test (AGID) and C-ELISA, 5 of 10 sera in AGID test, and<br />all in C-ELISA became positive. Further studies are needed on the ecology of camels and vector midges to<br />clarify the reason for infection of the camels in Iran.https://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2656_bb2952b5befa9444d406a49848c9549e.pdf